/*
 * ProGuard -- shrinking, optimization, obfuscation, and preverification
 *             of Java bytecode.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2002-2019 Guardsquare NV
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
 * Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
 * any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for
 * more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 * 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
 */
package proguard.evaluation.value;

import proguard.classfile.*;
import proguard.classfile.util.ClassUtil;
import proguard.classfile.visitor.ClassCollector;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * This ReferenceValue represents a partially evaluated reference value.
 * It has a type and a flag that indicates whether the value could be
 * <code>null</code>. If the type is <code>null</code>, the value is
 * <code>null</code>.
 *
 * @author Eric Lafortune
 */
public class TypedReferenceValue extends ReferenceValue
{
    private static final boolean ALLOW_INCOMPLETE_CLASS_HIERARCHY = System.getProperty("allow.incomplete.class.hierarchy") != null;

    private static final boolean DEBUG = false;


    protected final String  type;
    protected final Clazz   referencedClass;
    protected final boolean mayBeExtension;
    protected final boolean mayBeNull;


    /**
     * Creates a new TypedReferenceValue.
     */
    public TypedReferenceValue(String  type,
                               Clazz   referencedClass,
                               boolean mayBeExtension,
                               boolean mayBeNull)
    {
        this.type            = type;
        this.referencedClass = referencedClass;
        this.mayBeExtension  = mayBeExtension;
        this.mayBeNull       = mayBeNull;
    }


    // Implementations for ReferenceValue.

    public String getType()
    {
        return type;
    }


    public Clazz getReferencedClass()
    {
        return referencedClass;
    }


    // Implementations of unary methods of ReferenceValue.

    public boolean mayBeExtension()
    {
        return mayBeExtension;
    }

    public int isNull()
    {
        return type == null ? ALWAYS :
               mayBeNull    ? MAYBE  :
                              NEVER;
    }


    public int instanceOf(String otherType, Clazz otherReferencedClass)
    {
        String thisType = this.type;

        // If this type is null, it is never an instance of any class.
        if (thisType == null)
        {
            return NEVER;
        }

        // Start taking into account the type dimensions.
        int thisDimensionCount   = ClassUtil.internalArrayTypeDimensionCount(thisType);
        int otherDimensionCount  = ClassUtil.internalArrayTypeDimensionCount(otherType);
        int commonDimensionCount = Math.min(thisDimensionCount, otherDimensionCount);

        // Strip any common array prefixes.
        thisType  = thisType.substring(commonDimensionCount);
        otherType = otherType.substring(commonDimensionCount);

        // If either stripped type is a primitive type, we can tell right away.
        if (commonDimensionCount > 0 &&
            (ClassUtil.isInternalPrimitiveType(thisType.charAt(0)) ||
             ClassUtil.isInternalPrimitiveType(otherType.charAt(0))))
        {
            return !thisType.equals(otherType) ? NEVER :
                   mayBeNull                   ? MAYBE :
                                                 ALWAYS;
        }

        // Strip the class type prefix and suffix of this type, if any.
        if (thisDimensionCount == commonDimensionCount)
        {
            thisType = ClassUtil.internalClassNameFromClassType(thisType);
        }

        // Strip the class type prefix and suffix of the other type, if any.
        if (otherDimensionCount == commonDimensionCount)
        {
            otherType = ClassUtil.internalClassNameFromClassType(otherType);
        }

        // If this type is an array type, and the other type is not
        // java.lang.Object, java.lang.Cloneable, or java.io.Serializable,
        // this type can never be an instance.
        if (thisDimensionCount > otherDimensionCount &&
            !ClassUtil.isInternalArrayInterfaceName(otherType))
        {
            return NEVER;
        }

        // If the other type is an array type, and this type is not
        // java.lang.Object, java.lang.Cloneable, or java.io.Serializable,
        // this type can never be an instance.
        if (thisDimensionCount < otherDimensionCount &&
            !ClassUtil.isInternalArrayInterfaceName(thisType))
        {
            return NEVER;
        }

        // If this type is equal to the other type, or if the other type is
        // java.lang.Object, or if this type is an array type, then this type
        // is always an instance (unless it may be null).
        if (thisType.equals(otherType)                             ||
            ClassConstants.NAME_JAVA_LANG_OBJECT.equals(otherType) ||
            thisDimensionCount > otherDimensionCount)
        {
            return mayBeNull ? MAYBE :
                               ALWAYS;
        }

        // If the other type is an array type, it might be ok.
        if (thisDimensionCount < otherDimensionCount)
        {
            return MAYBE;
        }

        // If the value extends the type, we're sure (unless it may be null).
        // Otherwise, if the value type is final, it can never be an instance.
        // Also, if the types are not interfaces and not in the same hierarchy,
        // the value can never be an instance.
        return referencedClass      == null ||
               otherReferencedClass == null                                       ? MAYBE :
               referencedClass.extendsOrImplements(otherReferencedClass)          ? mayBeNull ? MAYBE : ALWAYS :
               (referencedClass.getAccessFlags() & ClassConstants.ACC_FINAL) != 0 ? NEVER :
               (referencedClass.getAccessFlags()      & ClassConstants.ACC_INTERFACE) == 0 &&
               (otherReferencedClass.getAccessFlags() & ClassConstants.ACC_INTERFACE) == 0 &&
               !otherReferencedClass.extendsOrImplements(referencedClass)         ? NEVER :
                                                                                    MAYBE;
    }


    public ReferenceValue cast(String type, Clazz referencedClass, ValueFactory valueFactory, boolean alwaysCast)
    {
        // Just return this value if it's the same type.
        // Also return this value if it is null or more specific.
        return (this.type != null &&
                this.type.equals(type)) ||
               (!alwaysCast &&
                (this.type == null ||
                 instanceOf(this.type, referencedClass) == ALWAYS)) ? this :
            valueFactory.createReferenceValue(type,
                                              referencedClass,
                                              true,
                                              mayBeNull);
    }


    public ReferenceValue generalizeMayBeNull(boolean mayBeNull)
    {
        return this.mayBeNull == mayBeNull ?
            this :
            new TypedReferenceValue(type, referencedClass, mayBeExtension, true);
    }


    public ReferenceValue referenceArrayLoad(IntegerValue indexValue, ValueFactory valueFactory)
    {
        return
            type == null                         ? TypedReferenceValueFactory.REFERENCE_VALUE_NULL                        :
            !ClassUtil.isInternalArrayType(type) ? TypedReferenceValueFactory.REFERENCE_VALUE_JAVA_LANG_OBJECT_MAYBE_NULL :
                                                   valueFactory.createValue(type.substring(1),
                                                                            referencedClass,
                                                                            true,
                                                                            true).referenceValue();
    }


    // Implementations of binary methods of ReferenceValue.

    public ReferenceValue generalize(ReferenceValue other)
    {
        return other.generalize(this);
    }


    public int equal(ReferenceValue other)
    {
        return other.equal(this);
    }


//    // Implementations of binary ReferenceValue methods with
//    // UnknownReferenceValue arguments.
//
//    public ReferenceValue generalize(UnknownReferenceValue other)
//    {
//        return other;
//    }
//
//
//    public int equal(UnknownReferenceValue other)
//    {
//        return MAYBE;
//    }


    // Implementations of binary ReferenceValue methods with TypedReferenceValue
    // arguments.

    public ReferenceValue generalize(TypedReferenceValue other)
    {
        // If both types are identical, the generalization is the same too.
        if (this.equals(other))
        {
            return this;
        }

        String thisType  = this.type;
        String otherType = other.type;

        // If both types are null, the generalization is null too.
        if (thisType == null && otherType == null)
        {
            return TypedReferenceValueFactory.REFERENCE_VALUE_NULL;
        }

        // If this type is null, the generalization is the other type, maybe null.
        if (thisType == null)
        {
            return other.generalizeMayBeNull(true);
        }

        // If the other type is null, the generalization is this type, maybe null.
        if (otherType == null)
        {
            return this.generalizeMayBeNull(true);
        }

        boolean mayBeExtension = this.mayBeExtension || other.mayBeExtension;
        boolean mayBeNull      = this.mayBeNull      || other.mayBeNull;

        // If the two types are equal, the generalization remains the same,
        // maybe an extension, maybe null.
        if (thisType.equals(otherType))
        {
            return typedReferenceValue(this, mayBeExtension, mayBeNull);
        }

        // Start taking into account the type dimensions.
        int thisDimensionCount   = ClassUtil.internalArrayTypeDimensionCount(thisType);
        int otherDimensionCount  = ClassUtil.internalArrayTypeDimensionCount(otherType);
        int commonDimensionCount = Math.min(thisDimensionCount, otherDimensionCount);

        if (thisDimensionCount == otherDimensionCount)
        {
            // See if we can take into account the referenced classes.
            Clazz thisReferencedClass  = this.referencedClass;
            Clazz otherReferencedClass = other.referencedClass;

            if (thisReferencedClass  != null &&
                otherReferencedClass != null)
            {
                // Is one class simply an extension of the other one?
                if (thisReferencedClass.extendsOrImplements(otherReferencedClass))
                {
                    return typedReferenceValue(other, true, mayBeNull);
                }

                if (otherReferencedClass.extendsOrImplements(thisReferencedClass))
                {
                    return typedReferenceValue(this, true, mayBeNull);
                }

                try
                {
                    // Do the classes have a non-trivial common superclass?
                    Clazz commonClass = findCommonClass(thisReferencedClass,
                                                        otherReferencedClass,
                                                        false);

                    if (commonClass.getName().equals(ClassConstants.NAME_JAVA_LANG_OBJECT))
                    {
                        // Otherwise, do the classes have a common interface?
                        Clazz commonInterface = findCommonClass(thisReferencedClass,
                                                                otherReferencedClass,
                                                                true);
                        if (commonInterface != null)
                        {
                            commonClass = commonInterface;
                        }
                    }

                    return new TypedReferenceValue(commonDimensionCount == 0 ?
                                                       commonClass.getName() :
                                                       ClassUtil.internalArrayTypeFromClassName(commonClass.getName(),
                                                                                                commonDimensionCount),
                                                   commonClass,
                                                   mayBeExtension,
                                                   mayBeNull);
                }
                catch (IllegalArgumentException e)
                {
                    // The class hierarchy seems to be incomplete.
                    if (ALLOW_INCOMPLETE_CLASS_HIERARCHY)
                    {
                        // We'll return an unknown reference value.
                        return BasicValueFactory.REFERENCE_VALUE;
                    }

                    throw e;
                }
            }
        }
        else if (thisDimensionCount > otherDimensionCount)
        {
            // See if the other type is an interface type of arrays.
            if (ClassUtil.isInternalArrayInterfaceName(ClassUtil.internalClassNameFromClassType(otherType)))
            {
                return typedReferenceValue(other, true, mayBeNull);
            }
        }
        else if (thisDimensionCount < otherDimensionCount)
        {
            // See if this type is an interface type of arrays.
            if (ClassUtil.isInternalArrayInterfaceName(ClassUtil.internalClassNameFromClassType(thisType)))
            {
                return typedReferenceValue(this, true, mayBeNull);
            }
        }

        // Reduce the common dimension count if either type is an array of
        // primitives type of this dimension.
        if (commonDimensionCount > 0 &&
            (ClassUtil.isInternalPrimitiveType(otherType.charAt(commonDimensionCount)) ||
             ClassUtil.isInternalPrimitiveType(thisType.charAt(commonDimensionCount))))
        {
            commonDimensionCount--;
        }

        // Fall back on a basic Object or array of Objects type.
        return
            commonDimensionCount != 0 ?
                new TypedReferenceValue(ClassUtil.internalArrayTypeFromClassName(ClassConstants.NAME_JAVA_LANG_OBJECT, commonDimensionCount),
                                        null,
                                        true,
                                        mayBeNull) :
            mayBeNull ?
                TypedReferenceValueFactory.REFERENCE_VALUE_JAVA_LANG_OBJECT_MAYBE_NULL :
                TypedReferenceValueFactory.REFERENCE_VALUE_JAVA_LANG_OBJECT_NOT_NULL;
    }


    /**
     * Returns the most specific common superclass or interface of the given
     * classes.
     * @param class1     the first class.
     * @param class2     the second class.
     * @param interfaces specifies whether to look for a superclass or for an
     *                   interface.
     * @return the common class.
     */
    private Clazz findCommonClass(Clazz   class1,
                                  Clazz   class2,
                                  boolean interfaces)
    {
        // Collect the superclasses or the interfaces of this class.
        Set superClasses1 = new HashSet();
        class1.hierarchyAccept(!interfaces,
                               !interfaces,
                               interfaces,
                               false,
                               new ClassCollector(superClasses1));

        int superClasses1Count = superClasses1.size();
        if (superClasses1Count == 0)
        {
            if (interfaces)
            {
                return null;
            }
            else if (class1.getSuperName() != null)
            {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can't find any super classes of ["+class1.getName()+"] (not even immediate super class ["+class1.getSuperName()+"])");
            }
        }

        // Collect the superclasses or the interfaces of the other class.
        Set superClasses2 = new HashSet();
        class2.hierarchyAccept(!interfaces,
                               !interfaces,
                               interfaces,
                               false,
                               new ClassCollector(superClasses2));

        int superClasses2Count = superClasses2.size();
        if (superClasses2Count == 0)
        {
            if (interfaces)
            {
                return null;
            }
            else if (class2.getSuperName() != null)
            {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can't find any super classes of ["+class2.getName()+"] (not even immediate super class ["+class2.getSuperName()+"])");
            }
        }

        if (DEBUG)
        {
            System.out.println("ReferenceValue.generalize this ["+class1.getName()+"] with other ["+class2.getName()+"] (interfaces = "+interfaces+")");
            System.out.println("  This super classes:  "+superClasses1);
            System.out.println("  Other super classes: "+superClasses2);
        }

        // Find the common superclasses.
        superClasses1.retainAll(superClasses2);

        if (DEBUG)
        {
            System.out.println("  Common super classes: "+superClasses1);
        }

        if (interfaces && superClasses1.isEmpty())
        {
            return null;
        }

        // Find a class that is a subclass of all common superclasses,
        // or that at least has the maximum number of common superclasses.
        Clazz commonClass = null;

        int maximumSuperClassCount = -1;

        // Go over all common superclasses to find it. In case of
        // multiple subclasses, keep the lowest one alphabetically,
        // in order to ensure that the choice is deterministic.
        Iterator commonSuperClasses = superClasses1.iterator();
        while (commonSuperClasses.hasNext())
        {
            Clazz commonSuperClass = (Clazz)commonSuperClasses.next();

            int superClassCount = superClassCount(commonSuperClass, superClasses1);
            if (maximumSuperClassCount < superClassCount ||
                (maximumSuperClassCount == superClassCount &&
                 commonClass != null                       &&
                 commonClass.getName().compareTo(commonSuperClass.getName()) > 0))
            {
                commonClass            = commonSuperClass;
                maximumSuperClassCount = superClassCount;
            }
        }

        if (commonClass == null)
        {
            // No common superclass could be found. This usually happens
            // when classes are missing in the classpool due to incomplete
            // configurations.

            // In case one of the two classes is java/lang/Object itself,
            // or is a final class that extends java/lang/Object, we can
            // safely assume that java/lang/Object must be the common
            // superclass of both.

            for (Clazz clazz : Arrays.asList(class1, class2))
            {
                if (ClassConstants.NAME_JAVA_LANG_OBJECT.equals(clazz.getName()))
                {
                    commonClass = clazz;
                    break;
                }
                else if ((clazz.getAccessFlags() & ClassConstants.ACC_FINAL) != 0 &&
                         ClassConstants.NAME_JAVA_LANG_OBJECT.equals(clazz.getSuperName()))
                {
                    commonClass = clazz.getSuperClass();
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        if (commonClass == null)
        {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can't find common super class of ["+
                                               class1.getName() +"] (with "+superClasses1Count +" known super classes) and ["+
                                               class2.getName()+"] (with "+superClasses2Count+" known super classes)");
        }

        if (DEBUG)
        {
            System.out.println("  Best common class: ["+commonClass.getName()+"]");
        }

        return commonClass;
    }


    /**
     * Returns the given reference value that may or may not be null, ensuring
     * that it is a TypedReferenceValue, not a subclass.
     */
    private static ReferenceValue typedReferenceValue(TypedReferenceValue referenceValue,
                                                      boolean             mayBeExtension,
                                                      boolean             mayBeNull)
    {
        return referenceValue.getClass()     == TypedReferenceValue.class &&
               referenceValue.mayBeExtension == mayBeExtension ?
            referenceValue.generalizeMayBeNull(mayBeNull) :
            new TypedReferenceValue(referenceValue.type,
                                    referenceValue.referencedClass,
                                    mayBeExtension,
                                    mayBeNull);
    }


    /**
     * Returns if the number of superclasses of the given class in the given
     * set of classes.
     */
    private int superClassCount(Clazz subClass, Set classes)
    {
        int count = 0;

        Iterator iterator = classes.iterator();

        while (iterator.hasNext())
        {
            Clazz clazz = (Clazz)iterator.next();
            if (subClass.extendsOrImplements(clazz))
            {
                count++;
            }
        }

        return count;
    }


    public int equal(TypedReferenceValue other)
    {
        return
            this.type == null ?
                other.type == null ? ALWAYS :
                other.mayBeNull    ? MAYBE  :
                                     NEVER  :
                other.type == null ?
                    this.mayBeNull ? MAYBE :
                                     NEVER :
                    this.mayBeExtension  ||
                    other.mayBeExtension ||
                    this.type.equals(other.type) ? MAYBE :
                                                   NEVER;
    }


//    // Implementations of binary ReferenceValue methods with
//    // IdentifiedReferenceValue arguments.
//
//    public ReferenceValue generalize(IdentifiedReferenceValue other)
//    {
//        return generalize((TypedReferenceValue)other);
//    }
//
//
//    public int equal(IdentifiedReferenceValue other)
//    {
//        return equal((TypedReferenceValue)other);
//    }
//
//
//    // Implementations of binary ReferenceValue methods with
//    // ArrayReferenceValue arguments.
//
//    public ReferenceValue generalize(ArrayReferenceValue other)
//    {
//        return generalize((TypedReferenceValue)other);
//    }
//
//
//    public int equal(ArrayReferenceValue other)
//    {
//        return equal((TypedReferenceValue)other);
//    }
//
//
//    // Implementations of binary ReferenceValue methods with
//    // IdentifiedArrayReferenceValue arguments.
//
//    public ReferenceValue generalize(IdentifiedArrayReferenceValue other)
//    {
//        return generalize((ArrayReferenceValue)other);
//    }
//
//
//    public int equal(IdentifiedArrayReferenceValue other)
//    {
//        return equal((ArrayReferenceValue)other);
//    }
//
//
//    // Implementations of binary ReferenceValue methods with
//    // DetailedArrayReferenceValue arguments.
//
//    public ReferenceValue generalize(DetailedArrayReferenceValue other)
//    {
//        return generalize((IdentifiedArrayReferenceValue)other);
//    }
//
//
//    public int equal(DetailedArrayReferenceValue other)
//    {
//        return equal((IdentifiedArrayReferenceValue)other);
//    }
//
//
//    // Implementations of binary ReferenceValue methods with
//    // TracedReferenceValue arguments.
//
//    public ReferenceValue generalize(TracedReferenceValue other)
//    {
//        return other.generalize(this);
//    }
//
//
//    public int equal(TracedReferenceValue other)
//    {
//        return other.equal(this);
//    }


    // Implementations for Value.

    public boolean isParticular()
    {
        return type == null;
    }


    public final String internalType()
    {
        return
            type == null                        ? ClassConstants.TYPE_JAVA_LANG_OBJECT :
            ClassUtil.isInternalArrayType(type) ? type                                          :
                                                  ClassConstants.TYPE_CLASS_START +
                                                  type +
                                                  ClassConstants.TYPE_CLASS_END;
    }


    // Implementations for Object.

    public boolean equals(Object object)
    {
        if (this == object)
        {
            return true;
        }

        if (!super.equals(object))
        {
            return false;
        }

        TypedReferenceValue other = (TypedReferenceValue)object;
        return this.type == null ? other.type == null :
                                   (this.mayBeExtension == other.mayBeExtension &&
                                    this.mayBeNull      == other.mayBeNull      &&
                                    this.type.equals(other.type));
    }


    public int hashCode()
    {
        return this.getClass().hashCode() ^
               (type == null ? 0 : type.hashCode() ^
                                   (mayBeExtension ? 0 : 1) ^
                                   (mayBeNull      ? 0 : 2));
    }


    public String toString()
    {
        return type == null ? "n" :
            type +
            (referencedClass == null ? "?" : "") +
            (mayBeExtension          ? "" : "=") +
            (mayBeNull               ? "" : "!");
    }
}
