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E. LilyPond index

In addition to all the LilyPond commands and keywords, this index lists musical terms and words which relate to each of them, with links to those sections of the manual which describe or discuss that topic. Each link is in two parts. The first part points to the exact location in the manual where the topic appears; the second part points to the start of the section of the manual where that topic is discussed.

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	Index Entry	Section
!
	!	Accidentals
"
	"|"	Bar and bar number checks
'
	'	Absolute octave entry
,
	,	Absolute octave entry
-
	-	Articulations and ornamentations
.
	.	Durations
/
	/	Extended and altered chords
	/+	Extended and altered chords
1
	15ma	Ottava brackets
8
	8va	Ottava brackets
	8ve	Ottava brackets
:
	:	Tremolo repeats
<
	<	Chorded notes
	<...>	Chorded notes
=
	=	Octave checks
>
	>	Chorded notes
?
	?	Accidentals
[
	[	Manual beams
\
	\!	Dynamics
	\(	Phrasing slurs
	\)	Phrasing slurs
	\<	Dynamics
	\>	Dynamics
	\abs-fontsize	Selecting font and font size
	\abs-fontsize	A.10.1 Font
	\absolute	Absolute octave entry
	\accent	Articulations and ornamentations
	\accepts	5.1.6 Defining new contexts
	\accepts	5.1.6 Defining new contexts
	\accepts	5.1.7 Context layout order
	\acciaccatura	Grace notes
	\accidentalStyle	Automatic accidentals
	\addChordShape	Predefined fret diagrams
	\addInstrumentDefinition	Instrument names
	\addInstrumentDefinition	Formatting cue notes
	\addlyrics	Aligning lyrics to a melody
	\addlyrics	Automatic syllable durations
	\addlyrics	Using \addlyrics
	\addQuote	Quoting other voices
	\aeolian	Key signature
	\afterGrace	Grace notes
	\aikenHeads	Shape note heads
	\aikenHeadsMinor	Shape note heads
	\alias	5.1.6 Defining new contexts
	\allowPageTurn	Predefined commands
	\alterBroken	Using \alterBroken
	\alternative	1.4.1 Long repeats
	\appendToTag	Using tags
	\appoggiatura	Grace notes
	\arpeggio	Arpeggio
	\arpeggioArrowDown	Arpeggio
	\arpeggioArrowUp	Arpeggio
	\arpeggioBracket	Arpeggio
	\arpeggioNormal	Arpeggio
	\arpeggioParenthesis	Arpeggio
	\arpeggioParenthesisDashed	Arpeggio
	\arrow-head	Graphic notation inside markup
	\arrow-head	A.10.3 Graphic
	\ascendens	Gregorian square neume ligatures
	\ascendens	Predefined commands
	\auctum	Gregorian square neume ligatures
	\auctum	Predefined commands
	\augmentum	Predefined commands
	\auto-footnote	A.10.7 Other
	\autoBeamOff	Automatic beams
	\autoBeamOff	Cross-staff stems
	\autoBeamOn	Automatic beams
	\autochange	Changing staff automatically
	\backslashed-digit	A.10.7 Other
	\balloonGrobText	Balloon help
	\balloonLengthOff	Balloon help
	\balloonLengthOn	Balloon help
	\balloonText	Balloon help
	\bar	Bar lines
	\bar	Bar lines
	\barNumberCheck	Bar and bar number checks
	\beam	A.10.3 Graphic
	\bendAfter	Falls and doits
	\bold	Selecting font and font size
	\bold	A.10.1 Font
	\book	3.1.2 Multiple scores in a book
	\book	3.1.2 Multiple scores in a book
	\book	3.1.5 File structure
	\bookOutputName	3.1.4 Output file names
	\bookOutputSuffix	3.1.4 Output file names
	\bookpart	3.1.2 Multiple scores in a book
	\bookpart	3.1.5 File structure
	\bookpart	4.3.2 Page breaking
	\box	Graphic notation inside markup
	\box	A.10.1 Font
	\bracket	New dynamic marks
	\bracket	Graphic notation inside markup
	\bracket	A.10.3 Graphic
	\break	Predefined commands
	\breathe	Breath marks
	\breve	Durations
	\breve	Rests
	\cadenzaOff	Unmetered music
	\cadenzaOn	Unmetered music
	\caesura	Predefined commands
	\caps	A.10.1 Font
	\cavum	Gregorian square neume ligatures
	\cavum	Predefined commands
	\center-align	Text alignment
	\center-align	A.10.2 Align
	\center-column	Text alignment
	\center-column	A.10.2 Align
	\change	Changing staff manually
	\char	A.10.7 Other
	\chordmode	See also
	\chordmode	See also
	\chordmode	Predefined fret diagrams
	\chordRepeats	Default tablatures
	\circle	Graphic notation inside markup
	\circle	A.10.3 Graphic
	\clef	Clef
	\cm	5.4.3 Distances and measurements
	\coda	Articulations and ornamentations
	\column	Text alignment
	\column	A.10.2 Align
	\column-lines	A.11 Text markup list commands
	\combine	Graphic notation inside markup
	\combine	A.10.2 Align
	\compoundMeter	Different time signatures with unequal-length measures
	\compressFullBarRests	Full measure rests
	\compressFullBarRests	Full measure rests
	\concat	A.10.2 Align
	\consists	5.1.6 Defining new contexts
	\context	5.1.2 Creating and referencing contexts
	\context	Changing all contexts of the same type
	\context in \layout block	Changing all contexts of the same type
	\cr	Dynamics
	\cresc	Dynamics
	\crescHairpin	Dynamics
	\crescTextCresc	Dynamics
	\crossStaff	Cross-staff stems
	\cueClef	Formatting cue notes
	\cueDuring	Formatting cue notes
	\cueDuringWithClef	Formatting cue notes
	\customTabClef	A.10.4 Music
	\decr	Dynamics
	\decresc	Dynamics
	\defaultchild	5.1.7 Context layout order
	\defaultTimeSignature	Time signature
	\defineBarLine	Bar lines
	\deminutum	Gregorian square neume ligatures
	\deminutum	Predefined commands
	\denies	5.1.6 Defining new contexts
	\denies	5.1.6 Defining new contexts
	\denies	5.1.7 Context layout order
	\descendens	Gregorian square neume ligatures
	\descendens	Predefined commands
	\dim	Dynamics
	\dimHairpin	Dynamics
	\dimTextDecr	Dynamics
	\dimTextDecresc	Dynamics
	\dimTextDim	Dynamics
	\dir-column	A.10.2 Align
	\discant	A.10.6 Accordion Registers
	\displayLilyMusic	3.6.1 Displaying LilyPond notation
	\divisioMaior	Predefined commands
	\divisioMaxima	Predefined commands
	\divisioMinima	Predefined commands
	\dorian	Key signature
	\dotsDown	Durations
	\dotsNeutral	Durations
	\dotsUp	Durations
	\doubleflat	A.10.4 Music
	\doublesharp	A.10.4 Music
	\downbow	Articulations and ornamentations
	\downbow	Bowing indications
	\downmordent	Articulations and ornamentations
	\downprall	Articulations and ornamentations
	\draw-circle	Graphic notation inside markup
	\draw-circle	A.10.3 Graphic
	\draw-dashed-line	A.10.3 Graphic
	\draw-dotted-line	A.10.3 Graphic
	\draw-hline	A.10.3 Graphic
	\draw-line	Graphic notation inside markup
	\draw-line	A.10.3 Graphic
	\drummode	Instantiating new staves
	\dynamic	New dynamic marks
	\dynamic	A.10.1 Font
	\dynamicDown	Dynamics
	\dynamicNeutral	Dynamics
	\dynamicUp	Dynamics
	\easyHeadsOff	Easy notation note heads
	\easyHeadsOn	Easy notation note heads
	\ellipse	A.10.3 Graphic
	\epsfile	Graphic notation inside markup
	\epsfile	A.10.3 Graphic
	\espressivo	Articulations and ornamentations
	\espressivo	Dynamics
	\expandFullBarRests	Full measure rests
	\expandFullBarRests	Full measure rests
	\eyeglasses	A.10.7 Other
	\f	Dynamics
	\featherDurations	Feathered beams
	\fermata	Articulations and ornamentations
	\fermata	A.10.4 Music
	\fermataMarkup	Full measure rests
	\fermataMarkup	Full measure rests
	\fermataMarkup	Articulations and ornamentations
	\ff	Dynamics
	\fff	Dynamics
	\ffff	Dynamics
	\fffff	Dynamics
	\fill-line	Text alignment
	\fill-line	A.10.2 Align
	\fill-with-pattern	A.10.2 Align
	\filled-box	Graphic notation inside markup
	\filled-box	A.10.3 Graphic
	\finalis	Predefined commands
	\finger	Fingering instructions
	\finger	A.10.1 Font
	\flageolet	Articulations and ornamentations
	\flat	A.10.4 Music
	\flexa	Predefined commands
	\fontCaps	A.10.1 Font
	\fontsize	Selecting font and font size
	\fontsize	A.10.1 Font
	\footnote	Footnotes in music expressions
	\footnote	A.10.7 Other
	\fp	Dynamics
	\fraction	A.10.7 Other
	\freeBass	A.10.6 Accordion Registers
	\frenchChords	Predefined commands
	\fret-diagram	Fret diagram markups
	\fret-diagram	A.10.5 Instrument Specific Markup
	\fret-diagram-terse	Fret diagram markups
	\fret-diagram-terse	A.10.5 Instrument Specific Markup
	\fret-diagram-verbose	Fret diagram markups
	\fret-diagram-verbose	A.10.5 Instrument Specific Markup
	\fromproperty	A.10.7 Other
	\funkHeads	Shape note heads
	\funkHeadsMinor	Shape note heads
	\general-align	Text alignment
	\general-align	A.10.2 Align
	\germanChords	Predefined commands
	\glissando	Glissando
	\grace	Grace notes
	\halfopen	Articulations and ornamentations
	\halign	Text alignment
	\halign	A.10.2 Align
	\harmonic	Harmonics
	\harmonic	Default tablatures
	\harmonicByFret	Default tablatures
	\harmonicByRatio	Default tablatures
	\harmonicsOff	Harmonics
	\harmonicsOn	Harmonics
	\harp-pedal	A.10.5 Instrument Specific Markup
	\hbracket	Graphic notation inside markup
	\hbracket	A.10.3 Graphic
	\hcenter-in	A.10.2 Align
	\header	3.1.5 File structure
	\hide	Making objects transparent
	\hideKeySignature	Bagpipe definitions
	\hideNotes	Hidden notes
	\hideSplitTiedTabNotes	Default tablatures
	\hideStaffSwitch	Staff-change lines
	\hspace	A.10.2 Align
	\huge	Selecting notation font size
	\huge	Selecting font and font size
	\huge	A.10.1 Font
	\improvisationOff	Improvisation
	\improvisationOff	Showing melody rhythms
	\improvisationOn	Improvisation
	\improvisationOn	Showing melody rhythms
	\in	5.4.3 Distances and measurements
	\inclinatum	Gregorian square neume ligatures
	\inclinatum	Predefined commands
	\include	3.3.1 Including LilyPond files
	\inStaffSegno	Normal repeats
	\instrumentSwitch	Instrument names
	\inversion	Inversion
	\ionian	Key signature
	\italianChords	Predefined commands
	\italic	Selecting font and font size
	\italic	A.10.1 Font
	\justified-lines	Multi-page markup
	\justified-lines	A.11 Text markup list commands
	\justify	Text alignment
	\justify	A.10.2 Align
	\justify-field	A.10.2 Align
	\justify-string	A.10.2 Align
	\keepWithTag	Using tags
	\key	Key signature
	\key	Shape note heads
	\killCues	Formatting cue notes
	\label	Predefined commands
	\laissezVibrer	Ties
	\large	Selecting notation font size
	\large	Selecting font and font size
	\large	A.10.1 Font
	\larger	Selecting font and font size
	\larger	Selecting font and font size
	\larger	A.10.1 Font
	\layout	3.1.5 File structure
	\layout	4.2.1 The \layout block
	\layout	Output definitions - blueprints for contexts
	\layout	Changing all contexts of the same type
	\left-align	Text alignment
	\left-align	A.10.2 Align
	\left-brace	A.10.7 Other
	\left-column	A.10.2 Align
	\lheel	Articulations and ornamentations
	\line	A.10.2 Align
	\linea	Gregorian square neume ligatures
	\linea	Predefined commands
	\lineprall	Articulations and ornamentations
	\locrian	Key signature
	\longa	Durations
	\longa	Rests
	\longfermata	Articulations and ornamentations
	\lookup	A.10.7 Other
	\lower	Text alignment
	\lower	A.10.2 Align
	\ltoe	Articulations and ornamentations
	\lydian	Key signature
	\lyricmode	Entering lyrics
	\lyricmode	Aligning lyrics to a melody
	\lyricsto	Aligning lyrics to a melody
	\lyricsto	Automatic syllable durations
	\lyricsto	Using \lyricsto
	\magnify	Selecting font and font size
	\magnify	A.10.1 Font
	\major	Key signature
	\makeClusters	Clusters
	\map-markup-commands	A.11 Text markup list commands
	\marcato	Articulations and ornamentations
	\mark	Rehearsal marks
	\mark	Text marks
	\markalphabet	A.10.7 Other
	\markLengthOff	Metronome marks
	\markLengthOff	Text marks
	\markLengthOn	Metronome marks
	\markLengthOn	Text marks
	\markletter	A.10.7 Other
	\markup	Text marks
	\markup	Separate text
	\markup	Separate text
	\markup	Text markup introduction
	\markuplist	Separate text
	\markuplist	Multi-page markup
	\markuplist	See also
	\maxima	Durations
	\maxima	Rests
	\medium	A.10.1 Font
	\melisma	Multiple notes to one syllable
	\melismaEnd	Multiple notes to one syllable
	\mergeDifferentlyDottedOff	Collision resolution
	\mergeDifferentlyDottedOn	Collision resolution
	\mergeDifferentlyHeadedOff	Collision resolution
	\mergeDifferentlyHeadedOn	Collision resolution
	\mf	Dynamics
	\midi	3.1.5 File structure
	\midi	Output definitions - blueprints for contexts
	\minor	Key signature
	\mixolydian	Key signature
	\mm	5.4.3 Distances and measurements
	\modalInversion	Modal inversion
	\modalTranspose	Modal transposition
	\mordent	Articulations and ornamentations
	\mp	Dynamics
	\musicglyph	Rehearsal marks
	\musicglyph	A.10.4 Music
	\name	5.1.6 Defining new contexts
	\natural	A.10.4 Music
	\new	5.1.2 Creating and referencing contexts
	\newSpacingSection	4.5.2 New spacing area
	\noBeam	Manual beams
	\noBreak	Predefined commands
	\noPageBreak	Predefined commands
	\noPageTurn	Predefined commands
	\normal-size-sub	A.10.1 Font
	\normal-size-super	Selecting font and font size
	\normal-size-super	A.10.1 Font
	\normal-text	A.10.1 Font
	\normalsize	Selecting notation font size
	\normalsize	Selecting font and font size
	\normalsize	A.10.1 Font
	\note	A.10.4 Music
	\note-by-number	A.10.4 Music
	\null	Text alignment
	\null	A.10.7 Other
	\number	A.10.1 Font
	\numericTimeSignature	Time signature
	\octaveCheck	Octave checks
	\omit	Removing the stencil
	\on-the-fly	Custom layout for headers and footers
	\on-the-fly	A.10.7 Other
	\once	5.3.3 The \override command
	\oneVoice	Single-staff polyphony
	\open	Articulations and ornamentations
	\open	Bowing indications
	\oriscus	Gregorian square neume ligatures
	\oriscus	Predefined commands
	\ottava	Ottava brackets
	\oval	A.10.3 Graphic
	\override	5.3.3 The \override command
	\override	5.3.5 \set vs. \override
	\override	A.10.7 Other
	\override-lines	A.11 Text markup list commands
	\overrideProperty	5.3.5 \set vs. \override
	\overrideTimeSignatureSettings	Time signature
	\p	Dynamics
	\pad-around	Graphic notation inside markup
	\pad-around	A.10.2 Align
	\pad-markup	Graphic notation inside markup
	\pad-markup	A.10.2 Align
	\pad-to-box	Graphic notation inside markup
	\pad-to-box	A.10.2 Align
	\pad-x	Graphic notation inside markup
	\pad-x	A.10.2 Align
	\page-link	A.10.7 Other
	\page-ref	Predefined commands
	\page-ref	A.10.7 Other
	\pageBreak	Predefined commands
	\pageTurn	Predefined commands
	\paper	3.1.5 File structure
	\paper	4.1.2 Paper size and automatic scaling
	\parallelMusic	Writing music in parallel
	\parenthesize	Parentheses
	\parenthesize	A.10.3 Graphic
	\partcombine	Automatic part combining
	\partcombine	Polyphony with shared lyrics
	\partcombine and lyrics	Using \partcombine with lyrics
	\partcombine and lyrics	Polyphony with shared lyrics
	\partcombineApart	Automatic part combining
	\partcombineAutomatic	Automatic part combining
	\partcombineChords	Automatic part combining
	\partcombineSoloI	Automatic part combining
	\partcombineSoloII	Automatic part combining
	\partcombineUnisono	Automatic part combining
	\partial	Upbeats
	\partial	1.4.1 Long repeats
	\partial	Normal repeats
	\path	A.10.3 Graphic
	\pattern	A.10.7 Other
	\pes	Predefined commands
	\phrasingSlurDashed	Phrasing slurs
	\phrasingSlurDashPattern	Phrasing slurs
	\phrasingSlurDotted	Phrasing slurs
	\phrasingSlurDown	Phrasing slurs
	\phrasingSlurHalfDashed	Phrasing slurs
	\phrasingSlurHalfSolid	Phrasing slurs
	\phrasingSlurNeutral	Phrasing slurs
	\phrasingSlurSolid	Phrasing slurs
	\phrasingSlurUp	Phrasing slurs
	\phrygian	Key signature
	\pitchedTrill	Trills
	\portato	Articulations and ornamentations
	\postscript	Graphic notation inside markup
	\postscript	A.10.3 Graphic
	\powerChords	Indicating power chords
	\pp	Dynamics
	\ppp	Dynamics
	\pppp	Dynamics
	\ppppp	Dynamics
	\prall	Articulations and ornamentations
	\pralldown	Articulations and ornamentations
	\prallmordent	Articulations and ornamentations
	\prallprall	Articulations and ornamentations
	\prallup	Articulations and ornamentations
	\predefinedFretboardsOff	Automatic fret diagrams
	\predefinedFretboardsOn	Automatic fret diagrams
	\property-recursive	A.10.7 Other
	\pt	5.4.3 Distances and measurements
	\pushToTag	Using tags
	\put-adjacent	A.10.2 Align
	\quilisma	Gregorian square neume ligatures
	\quilisma	Predefined commands
	\quoteDuring	Quoting other voices
	\quoteDuring	Formatting cue notes
	\raise	Text alignment
	\raise	A.10.2 Align
	\relative	Relative octave entry
	\relative	See also
	\relative	See also
	\relative	Changing staff automatically
	\RemoveEmptyStaves	Hiding staves
	\RemoveEmptyStaves	Hiding staves
	\removeWithTag	Using tags
	\repeat	1.4.1 Long repeats
	\repeat percent	Percent repeats
	\repeat tremolo	Tremolo repeats
	\repeatTie	Ties
	\repeatTie	Normal repeats
	\repeatTie	Repeats with alternative endings
	\replace	A.10.1 Font
	\rest	Rests
	\rest	A.10.4 Music
	\rest-by-number	A.10.4 Music
	\retrograde	Retrograde
	\reverseturn	Articulations and ornamentations
	\revert	5.3.3 The \override command
	\revertTimeSignatureSettings	Time signature
	\rfz	Dynamics
	\rheel	Articulations and ornamentations
	\right-align	Text alignment
	\right-align	A.10.2 Align
	\right-brace	A.10.7 Other
	\right-column	A.10.2 Align
	\rightHandFinger	Right-hand fingerings
	\roman	A.10.1 Font
	\rotate	A.10.2 Align
	\rounded-box	Graphic notation inside markup
	\rounded-box	A.10.3 Graphic
	\rtoe	Articulations and ornamentations
	\sacredHarpHeads	Shape note heads
	\sacredHarpHeadsMinor	Shape note heads
	\sans	A.10.1 Font
	\scale	A.10.3 Graphic
	\scaleDurations	Scaling durations
	\scaleDurations	Polymetric notation
	\score	3.1.1 Structure of a score
	\score	3.1.5 File structure
	\score	A.10.4 Music
	\segno	Articulations and ornamentations
	\semiflat	A.10.4 Music
	\semiGermanChords	Predefined commands
	\semisharp	A.10.4 Music
	\sesquiflat	A.10.4 Music
	\sesquisharp	A.10.4 Music
	\set	Setting automatic beam behavior
	\set	5.3.2 The \set command
	\set	5.3.5 \set vs. \override
	\sf	Dynamics
	\sff	Dynamics
	\sfz	Dynamics
	\shape	Specifying displacements from current control points
	\sharp	A.10.4 Music
	\shiftOff	Collision resolution
	\shiftOn	Collision resolution
	\shiftOnn	Collision resolution
	\shiftOnnn	Collision resolution
	\shortfermata	Articulations and ornamentations
	\showKeySignature	Bagpipe definitions
	\showStaffSwitch	Staff-change lines
	\signumcongruentiae	Articulations and ornamentations
	\simple	A.10.1 Font
	\skip	Invisible rests
	\skip	Repeats with alternative endings
	\slashed-digit	A.10.7 Other
	\slashedGrace	Grace notes
	\slurDashed	Slurs
	\slurDashPattern	Slurs
	\slurDotted	Slurs
	\slurDown	Slurs
	\slurHalfDashed	Slurs
	\slurHalfSolid	Slurs
	\slurNeutral	Slurs
	\slurSolid	Slurs
	\slurUp	Slurs
	\small	Selecting notation font size
	\small	Selecting font and font size
	\small	A.10.1 Font
	\smallCaps	A.10.1 Font
	\smaller	Selecting font and font size
	\smaller	Selecting font and font size
	\smaller	A.10.1 Font
	\snappizzicato	Articulations and ornamentations
	\sostenutoOff	Piano pedals
	\sostenutoOn	Piano pedals
	\southernHarmonyHeads	Shape note heads
	\southernHarmonyHeadsMinor	Shape note heads
	\sp	Dynamics
	\spp	Dynamics
	\staccatissimo	Articulations and ornamentations
	\staccato	Articulations and ornamentations
	\startGroup	Analysis brackets
	\startStaff	Staff symbol
	\startStaff	Ossia staves
	\startTrillSpan	Trills
	\stdBass	A.10.6 Accordion Registers
	\stdBassIV	A.10.6 Accordion Registers
	\stdBassV	A.10.6 Accordion Registers
	\stdBassVI	A.10.6 Accordion Registers
	\stemDown	Stems
	\stemNeutral	Stems
	\stemUp	Stems
	\stencil	A.10.7 Other
	\stopGroup	Analysis brackets
	\stopped	Articulations and ornamentations
	\stopStaff	Staff symbol
	\stopStaff	Ossia staves
	\stopStaff	Hiding staves
	\stopTrillSpan	Trills
	\storePredefinedDiagram	Predefined fret diagrams
	\stringTuning	Custom tablatures
	\stropha	Gregorian square neume ligatures
	\stropha	Predefined commands
	\strut	A.10.7 Other
	\sub	Selecting font and font size
	\sub	A.10.1 Font
	\super	Selecting font and font size
	\super	A.10.1 Font
	\sustainOff	Piano pedals
	\sustainOn	Piano pedals
	\tabChordRepeats	Default tablatures
	\tabFullNotation	Default tablatures
	\table-of-contents	Predefined commands
	\table-of-contents	A.11 Text markup list commands
	\tag	Using tags
	\taor	Bagpipe definitions
	\teeny	Selecting notation font size
	\teeny	Selecting font and font size
	\teeny	A.10.1 Font
	\tempo	Metronome marks
	\tenuto	Articulations and ornamentations
	\text	A.10.1 Font
	\textLengthOff	Full measure rests
	\textLengthOff	Text scripts
	\textLengthOn	Full measure rests
	\textLengthOn	Text scripts
	\textSpannerDown	Text spanners
	\textSpannerNeutral	Text spanners
	\textSpannerUp	Text spanners
	\thumb	Articulations and ornamentations
	\thumb	Fingering instructions
	\tied-lyric	A.10.4 Music
	\tieDashed	Ties
	\tieDotted	Ties
	\tieDown	Ties
	\tieNeutral	Ties
	\tieSolid	Ties
	\tieUp	Ties
	\time	Time signature
	\time	Setting automatic beam behavior
	\tiny	Selecting notation font size
	\tiny	Selecting font and font size
	\tiny	A.10.1 Font
	\tocItem	Predefined commands
	\translate	Text alignment
	\translate	A.10.2 Align
	\translate-scaled	Text alignment
	\translate-scaled	A.10.2 Align
	\transparent	A.10.7 Other
	\transpose	See also
	\transpose	Transpose
	\transpose	See also
	\transposedCueDuring	Formatting cue notes
	\transposition	Instrument transpositions
	\transposition	Quoting other voices
	\treCorde	Piano pedals
	\triangle	Graphic notation inside markup
	\triangle	A.10.3 Graphic
	\trill	Articulations and ornamentations
	\trill	Trills
	\tuplet	Tuplets
	\tuplet	Polymetric notation
	\tupletDown	Tuplets
	\tupletNeutral	Tuplets
	\tupletUp	Tuplets
	\turn	Articulations and ornamentations
	\tweak	5.3.4 The \tweak command
	\tweak	5.3.5 \set vs. \override
	\type	5.1.6 Defining new contexts
	\typewriter	A.10.1 Font
	\unaCorda	Piano pedals
	\underline	Selecting font and font size
	\underline	A.10.1 Font
	\unfoldRepeats	3.5.4 Repeats in MIDI
	\unHideNotes	Hidden notes
	\unset	5.3.2 The \set command
	\upbow	Articulations and ornamentations
	\upbow	Bowing indications
	\upmordent	Articulations and ornamentations
	\upprall	Articulations and ornamentations
	\upright	A.10.1 Font
	\varcoda	Articulations and ornamentations
	\vcenter	A.10.2 Align
	\verbatim-file	A.10.7 Other
	\verylongfermata	Articulations and ornamentations
	\virga	Gregorian square neume ligatures
	\virga	Predefined commands
	\virgula	Predefined commands
	\voiceFourStyle	Voice styles
	\voiceNeutralStyle	Voice styles
	\voiceOne	Single-staff polyphony
	\voiceOne ... \voiceFour	Single-staff polyphony
	\voiceOneStyle	Voice styles
	\voiceThreeStyle	Voice styles
	\voiceTwoStyle	Voice styles
	\void	3.6.1 Displaying LilyPond notation
	\vspace	A.10.2 Align
	\walkerHeads	Shape note heads
	\walkerHeadsMinor	Shape note heads
	\whiteout	A.10.7 Other
	\with	5.1.4 Modifying context plug-ins
	\with	Changing just one specific context
	\with-color	Coloring objects
	\with-color	A.10.7 Other
	\with-dimensions	A.10.7 Other
	\with-link	A.10.7 Other
	\with-url	A.10.3 Graphic
	\woodwind-diagram	A.10.5 Instrument Specific Markup
	\wordwrap	Text alignment
	\wordwrap	A.10.2 Align
	\wordwrap-field	A.10.2 Align
	\wordwrap-internal	A.11 Text markup list commands
	\wordwrap-lines	Multi-page markup
	\wordwrap-lines	A.11 Text markup list commands
	\wordwrap-string	A.10.2 Align
	\wordwrap-string-internal	A.11 Text markup list commands
]
	]	Manual beams
^
	^	Extended and altered chords
_
	_	Multiple syllables to one note
|
	|	Bar and bar number checks
	|	Bar and bar number checks
~
	~	Ties
A
	a due	See also
	a due part	Automatic part combining
	absolute	Absolute octave entry
	absolute	A.18 Available music functions
	absolute dynamics	Dynamics
	absolute octave entry	Absolute octave entry
	absolute octave specification	Absolute octave entry
	accelerando in MIDI	Supported in MIDI
	accent	See also
	accent	A.13 List of articulations
	accentus	A.13 List of articulations
	accepts	5.1.6 Defining new contexts
	acciaccatura	A.18 Available music functions
	acciaccatura, multi-note	Known issues and warnings
	accidental	See also
	Accidental	See also
	accidental	See also
	Accidental	See also
	accidental	See also
	accidental on tied note	Accidentals
	accidental style	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, cautionary, modern voice	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, default	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, default	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, forget	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, modern	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, modern	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, modern voice cautionary	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, modern-cautionary	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, neo-modern	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, neo-modern-cautionary	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, neo-modern-voice	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, neo-modern-voice-cautionary	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, no reset	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, piano	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, piano cautionary	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, teaching	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, voice	Automatic accidentals
	accidental style, voice, modern cautionary	Automatic accidentals
	accidental, cautionary	Accidentals
	Accidental, musica ficta	Annotational accidentals (musica ficta)
	accidental, parenthesized	Accidentals
	accidental, quarter-tone	See also
	accidental, reminder	Accidentals
	accidental-interface	See also
	accidental-suggestion-interface	See also
	AccidentalCautionary	See also
	AccidentalPlacement	See also
	accidentals	Automatic accidentals
	accidentals	Mensural accidentals and key signatures
	accidentals	Gregorian accidentals and key signatures
	accidentals	Kievan accidentals
	Accidentals and key signatures	Accidentals
	Accidentals and key signatures	See also
	Accidentals and key signatures	Key signature
	Accidentals and key signatures	See also
	Accidentals and key signatures	See also
	accidentals and simultaneous notes	See also
	accidentals in chords	See also
	accidentals, automatic	Automatic accidentals
	accidentals, cadenzas	Unmetered music
	accidentals, modern	Automatic accidentals
	accidentals, modern cautionary style	Automatic accidentals
	accidentals, modern style	Automatic accidentals
	accidentals, multivoice	Automatic accidentals
	accidentals, piano	Automatic accidentals
	accidentals, piano cautionary	Automatic accidentals
	accidentals, unmetered music	Unmetered music
	accidentalStyle	A.18 Available music functions
	AccidentalSuggestion	See also
	AccidentalSuggestion	See also
	Accidental_engraver	See also
	Accidental_engraver	See also
	Accidental_engraver	See also
	accordion	2.2.3 Accordion
	accordion discant symbols	Discant symbols
	Accordion Registers	Selected Snippets
	accordion shift symbols	Discant symbols
	accordion shifts	Discant symbols
	addChordShape	Predefined fret diagrams
	addChordShape	A.18 Available music functions
	adding a white background to text	A.10.7 Other
	Adding and removing engravers	See also
	adding custom fret diagrams	Predefined fret diagrams
	addInstrumentDefinition	Instrument names
	addInstrumentDefinition	Formatting cue notes
	addInstrumentDefinition	A.18 Available music functions
	additionalPitchPrefix	Customizing chord names
	additions, in chords	Extended and altered chords
	addQuote	Quoting other voices
	addQuote	A.18 Available music functions
	adjusting staff symbol	5.4.4 Staff symbol properties
	aeolian	Key signature
	afterGrace	Grace notes
	afterGrace	A.18 Available music functions
	afterGraceFraction	parser variable
	Aiken shape note heads	Shape note heads
	aikenHeads	Shape note heads
	aikenHeadsMinor	Shape note heads
	al niente	See also
	alias	5.1.6 Defining new contexts
	align to objects	Using the break-alignable-interface
	alignAboveContext	5.1.7 Context layout order
	alignBelowContext	Simple repeats
	alignBelowContext	5.1.7 Context layout order
	Aligning lyrics to a melody	See also
	Aligning lyrics to a melody	See also
	aligning markup text	Text alignment
	aligning markups	Text alignment
	aligning text	Text alignment
	aligning to cadenza	Aligning to cadenzas
	alignment, text, commands	Text alignment
	alist	alist
	All layout objects	See also
	All layout objects	See also
	All layout objects	See also
	allowPageTurn	A.18 Available music functions
	allowVoltaHook	A.18 Available music functions
	alterBroken	A.18 Available music functions
	altered chords	Extended and altered chords
	alternate endings	1.4.1 Long repeats
	alternate endings, repeats	Written-out repeats
	alternate repeats	Written-out repeats
	alternative endings and lyrics	Repeats with alternative endings
	alternative endings, with ties	Normal repeats
	alternative melody, switching to	Switching to an alternative melody
	alto clef	Clef
	Amazing Grace bagpipe example	Bagpipe example
	Ambitus	See also
	ambitus	See also
	ambitus	See also
	ambitus-interface	See also
	AmbitusAccidental	See also
	AmbitusLine	See also
	AmbitusNoteHead	See also
	Ambitus_engraver	See also
	An extra staff appears	Normal repeats
	An extra staff appears	Written-out repeats
	An extra staff appears	See also
	anacrusis	See also
	anacrusis in a repeat	Normal repeats
	analysis, musicological	Analysis brackets
	ancient clef	Clef
	angled hairpins	Rotating layout objects
	annotate-spacing	4.6.1 Displaying spacing
	anthems	2.1.5 Choral
	appendToTag	A.18 Available music functions
	applyContext	A.18 Available music functions
	applyMusic	A.18 Available music functions
	applyOutput	A.18 Available music functions
	appoggiatura	A.18 Available music functions
	Arabic key signatures	Arabic key signatures
	Arabic music	References for Arabic music
	Arabic music example	Arabic music example
	Arabic music template	Arabic music example
	Arabic note names	Arabic note names
	Arabic semi-flat symbol	Arabic note names
	Arabic time signatures	Arabic time signatures
	arpeggio	Arpeggio
	Arpeggio	See also
	arpeggio symbols, special	Arpeggio
	arpeggio, cross-staff parenthesis-style	Known issues and warnings
	arpeggio, parenthesis-style, cross-staff	Known issues and warnings
	arpeggioArrowDown	Arpeggio
	arpeggioArrowUp	Arpeggio
	arpeggioBracket	Arpeggio
	arpeggioNormal	Arpeggio
	arpeggioParenthesis	Arpeggio
	arpeggioParenthesisDashed	Arpeggio
	arrow-head	Graphic notation inside markup
	Articlulate scripts	Supported in MIDI
	Articulation and dynamics	See also
	articulation-event	Quoting other voices
	articulations	Articulations and ornamentations
	articulations	Gregorian articulation signs
	articulations in MIDI	Supported in MIDI
	artificial harmonics	Harmonics
	assertBeamQuant	A.18 Available music functions
	assertBeamSlope	A.18 Available music functions
	associatedVoice	Aligning lyrics to a melody
	associatedVoice	Automatic syllable durations
	associatedVoice	Switching to an alternative melody
	association list	alist
	aug	Common chords
	auto-first-page-number	\paper variables for page numbering
	autoBeaming	Setting automatic beam behavior
	autoBeaming	Output definitions - blueprints for contexts
	autobeaming properties for time signatures	Time signature
	autoBeamOff	Automatic beams
	autoBeamOn	Automatic beams
	autochange	Changing staff automatically
	autochange	A.18 Available music functions
	autochange and relative music	Changing staff automatically
	AutoChangeMusic	See also
	automatic accidentals	Automatic accidentals
	automatic chord diagrams	Automatic fret diagrams
	automatic fret diagrams	Automatic fret diagrams
	automatic part combining	Automatic part combining
	automatic staff changes	Changing staff automatically
	automaticBars	Automatic bars
	Auto_beam_engraver	See also
	Auto_beam_engraver	See also
	available fonts, listing	Single entry fonts
B
	Backend	5.2.1 Navigating the program reference
	Backend	See also
	Backend	See also
	backslashed digits	A.10.7 Other
	bagpipe	Bagpipe definitions
	bagpipe example	Bagpipe example
	balloon	Balloon help
	balloon help	Balloon help
	balloon-interface	See also
	balloonGrobText	Balloon help
	balloonGrobText	A.18 Available music functions
	balloonLengthOff	Balloon help
	balloonLengthOn	Balloon help
	balloonText	Balloon help
	balloonText	A.18 Available music functions
	BalloonTextItem	See also
	Balloon_engraver	Balloon help
	banjo tablature	2.4 Fretted string instruments
	banjo tablatures	Banjo tablatures
	banjo tunings	Banjo tablatures
	banjo-c-tuning	Banjo tablatures
	banjo-modal-tuning	Banjo tablatures
	banjo-open-d-tuning	Banjo tablatures
	banjo-open-dm-tuning	Banjo tablatures
	bar	Bar lines
	bar	Bar lines
	bar	A.18 Available music functions
	bar check	Bar and bar number checks
	bar lines	Bar lines
	bar lines, cadenzas	Unmetered music
	bar lines, closing	Bar lines
	bar lines, default, changing	Bar lines
	bar lines, defining	Bar lines
	bar lines, double	Bar lines
	bar lines, invisible	Bar lines
	bar lines, manual	Bar lines
	bar lines, suppressing	Automatic bars
	bar lines, symbols on	Text marks
	bar lines, unmetered music	Unmetered music
	bar number	Time administration
	bar number alignment	Selected Snippets
	bar number check	Bar and bar number checks
	bar number collision	See also
	bar number, format	Selected Snippets
	bar numbers	Bar numbers
	bar numbers, cadenzas	Unmetered music
	bar numbers, regular spacing	Bar numbers
	bar numbers, unmetered music	Unmetered music
	bar numbers, with letters	Selected Snippets
	bar numbers, with repeats	Selected Snippets
	barCheckSynchronize	Bar and bar number checks
	baritone clef	Clef
	BarLine	See also
	BarNumber	Bar numbers
	BarNumber	Known issues and warnings
	barNumberCheck	Bar and bar number checks
	barNumberCheck	A.18 Available music functions
	barNumberVisibility	Bar numbers
	barre indications	Fret diagram markups
	bartype	Bar lines
	Bartók pizzicato	Snap (Bartók) pizzicato
	Bar_engraver	See also
	Bar_number_engraver	See also
	base-shortest-duration	4.5.1 Horizontal spacing overview
	baseMoment	Setting automatic beam behavior
	Basic command line options for LilyPond	3.4.3 Alternative output formats
	bass clef	Clef
	bass note, for chords	Extended and altered chords
	Bass, figured	Introduction to figured bass
	Bass, thorough	Introduction to figured bass
	BassFigure	See also
	BassFigure	See also
	BassFigureAlignment	See also
	BassFigureAlignment	See also
	BassFigureBracket	See also
	BassFigureBracket	See also
	BassFigureContinuation	See also
	BassFigureContinuation	See also
	BassFigureLine	See also
	BassFigureLine	See also
	Basso continuo	Introduction to figured bass
	bayati	See also
	Beam	See also
	Beam	See also
	Beam	See also
	Beam	See also
	Beam	See also
	beam, endings in a score	Selected Snippets
	beam, endings with multiple voices	Selected Snippets
	beam-interface	See also
	beam-interface	See also
	beam-interface	See also
	BeamEvent	See also
	BeamEvent	See also
	beamExceptions	Setting automatic beam behavior
	BeamForbidEvent	See also
	BeamForbidEvent	See also
	beaming, time signature default properties	Time signature
	beamlets, orienting	Selected Snippets
	beams, cadenzas	Unmetered music
	beams, cross-staff	Changing staff manually
	beams, customizing rules	Automatic beams
	beams, feathered	Feathered beams
	beams, line breaks	Predefined commands
	beams, manual	Automatic beams
	beams, manual	Manual beams
	beams, subdividing	Selected Snippets
	beams, unmetered music	Unmetered music
	beams, with knee gap	Predefined commands
	beams, with lyrics	Setting automatic beam behavior
	beams, with melismata	Automatic beams
	beams, with polymetric meters	Different time signatures with equal-length measures
	beams, \partcombine with \autoBeamOff	Selected Snippets
	Beam_engraver	See also
	Beam_engraver	See also
	beats per minute	Metronome marks
	beats, grouping	Selected Snippets
	beatStructure	Setting automatic beam behavior
	beginners’ music	Easy notation note heads
	bendAfter	Falls and doits
	bendAfter	A.18 Available music functions
	binding gutter	\paper variables for two-sided mode
	binding-offset	\paper variables for two-sided mode
	bisbiglando	References for harps
	Bison	parser
	blank-after-score-page-penalty	\paper variables for page breaking
	blank-last-page-penalty	\paper variables for page breaking
	blank-page-penalty	\paper variables for page breaking
	BNF	parser
	bold	Selecting font and font size
	bookOutputName	A.18 Available music functions
	bookOutputSuffix	A.18 Available music functions
	bookTitleMarkup	Custom layout for titles
	bottom-margin	4.1.3 Fixed vertical spacing \paper variables
	bowing indications	Bowing indications
	box	Graphic notation inside markup
	brace	See also
	brace, vertical	Grouping staves
	braces, nesting of	Nested staff groups
	braces, various sizes	Fonts explained
	bracket	New dynamic marks
	bracket	Graphic notation inside markup
	bracket	Piano pedals
	bracket, horizontal	Analysis brackets
	bracket, phrasing	Analysis brackets
	bracket, vertical	Grouping staves
	bracket, volta	Manual repeat marks
	brackets	Parentheses
	brackets	Analysis brackets
	brackets, angle	Chorded notes
	brackets, nesting of	Nested staff groups
	break-align-symbols	Using the break-alignable-interface
	break-visibility	Using break-visibility
	breakable	Predefined commands
	breakbefore	Default layout of bookpart and score titles
	breaking lines	4.3.1 Line breaking
	breaking pages	4.5.4 Line length
	breaks in unmetered music	See also
	breath marks	Breath marks
	breathe	Breath marks
	breathe	A.18 Available music functions
	BreathingEvent	See also
	BreathingSign	See also
	BreathingSign	See also
	Breathing_sign_engraver	See also
	breve	Durations
	breve	Rests
	breve rest	Rests
	broken chord	Arpeggio
	broken spanners, modifying	Using \alterBroken
	Bézier curves, control points	Modifying ties and slurs
C
	C clef	Clef
	cadenza	See also
	cadenza	See also
	cadenza, accidentals	Unmetered music
	cadenza, aligning to	Aligning to cadenzas
	cadenza, bar lines	Unmetered music
	cadenza, bar numbers	Unmetered music
	cadenza, beams	Unmetered music
	cadenza, line breaks	See also
	cadenza, page breaks	See also
	cadenzaOff	Unmetered music
	cadenzaOn	Unmetered music
	caesura	See also
	caesura	See also
	callback	callback
	Callback functions	See also
	capo	Fret diagram markups
	cautionary accidental	Accidentals
	cautionary accidental style, piano	Automatic accidentals
	cautionary accidentals, piano	Automatic accidentals
	center-align	Text alignment
	center-column	Text alignment
	centered dynamics in piano music	References for keyboards
	centering a column of text	A.10.2 Align
	centering text on the page	Text alignment
	change	Changing staff manually
	changing direction of text columns	A.10.2 Align
	changing fonts	Selecting font and font size
	changing instrument names	Instrument names
	changing properties	5.3.2 The \set command
	changing staff automatically	Changing staff automatically
	changing staff manually	Changing staff manually
	chants	2.1.7 Chants psalms and hymns
	character names	Character names
	check-consistency	\paper variables for widths and margins
	choir staff	Grouping staves
	ChoirStaff	See also
	ChoirStaff	See also
	ChoirStaff	See also
	choral tenor clef	Clef
	chord	See also
	chord	See also
	chord	See also
	chord chords	2.7.1 Chord mode
	chord diagrams	Fret diagram markups
	chord diagrams	Predefined fret diagrams
	chord diagrams, automatic	Automatic fret diagrams
	chord glissandi	Selected Snippets
	chord inversions	Extended and altered chords
	chord mode	Chord mode overview
	chord names	Chord mode overview
	chord names	Printing chord names
	Chord names in MIDI	Supported in MIDI
	chord names with fret diagrams	Predefined fret diagrams
	chord quality	Common chords
	chord shapes for fretted instruments	Predefined fret diagrams
	chord steps, altering	Extended and altered chords
	chord, broken	Arpeggio
	chord, modifying one note in	5.3.4 The \tweak command
	Chord, repetition	Chord repetition
	Chord, repetition	Default tablatures
	chordChanges	Selected Snippets
	chordmode	See also
	chordmode	See also
	chordmode	Predefined fret diagrams
	ChordName	See also
	chordNameExceptions	Customizing chord names
	chordNameLowercaseMinor	Customizing chord names
	ChordNames	Predefined fret diagrams
	ChordNames	See also
	chordNameSeparator	Customizing chord names
	chordNoteNamer	Customizing chord names
	chordPrefixSpacer	Customizing chord names
	chordRepeats	A.18 Available music functions
	chordRootNamer	Customizing chord names
	chords	Printing chord names
	chords	Printing chord names
	chords and relative octave entry	Relative octave entry
	chords and ties	Ties
	chords, accidentals in	See also
	chords, cross-staff	Cross-staff stems
	chords, empty	Chorded notes
	chords, fingering	Fingering instructions
	chords, jazz	Customizing chord names
	chords, power	Indicating power chords
	chords, relative pitch	Chorded notes
	chords, splitting across staves with \autochange	Known issues and warnings
	chords, suppressing repeated	Selected Snippets
	Chord_name_engraver	See also
	Christian Harmony note heads	Shape note heads
	church mode	See also
	church modes	Key signature
	church rest	Selected Snippets
	circle	Graphic notation inside markup
	circling text	A.10.3 Graphic
	circulus	A.13 List of articulations
	clef	Clef
	Clef	See also
	clef	A.18 Available music functions
	clef	See also
	clef, alto	Clef
	clef, ancient	Clef
	clef, baritone	Clef
	clef, bass	Clef
	clef, C	Clef
	clef, F	Clef
	clef, french	Clef
	clef, G	Clef
	clef, mezzosoprano	Clef
	clef, moderntab	Custom tablatures
	clef, percussion	Basic percussion notation
	clef, soprano	Clef
	clef, subbass	Clef
	clef, tab	Custom tablatures
	clef, tenor	Clef
	clef, transposing	Clef
	clef, treble	Clef
	clef, varbaritone	Clef
	clef, violin	Clef
	clef, visibility following explicit change	Visibility following explicit changes
	clef-interface	See also
	ClefModifier	See also
	clefs	Mensural clefs
	clefs	Gregorian clefs
	clefs	Kievan clefs
	clefs, visibility of transposition	Transposed clefs
	Clef_engraver	See also
	closing bar lines	Bar lines
	closure	closure
	cluster	See also
	ClusterSpanner	See also
	ClusterSpannerBeacon	See also
	Cluster_spanner_engraver	See also
	coda	Rehearsal marks
	coda	Articulations and ornamentations
	coda	A.13 List of articulations
	coda on bar line	Text marks
	collision, bar number	See also
	collisions	Collision resolution
	collisions, clashing note columns	Simultaneous expressions
	collisions, cross-staff voices	Changing staff manually
	collisions, ignoring	Simultaneous expressions
	collisions, ignoring	See also
	color	Coloring objects
	color in chords	See also
	color, rgb	Coloring objects
	colored notes	Coloring objects
	colored notes in chords	See also
	colored objects	Coloring objects
	coloring notes	Coloring objects
	coloring objects	Coloring objects
	coloring objects	Painting objects white
	coloring text	A.10.7 Other
	coloring voices	Voice styles
	colors	Coloring objects
	Colors, list of	Normal colors
	column	Text alignment
	columns, text	Text alignment
	combine	Graphic notation inside markup
	Combining notes into chords	See also
	combining parts	Automatic part combining
	comma intervals	References for Turkish classical music
	Common Practice Period	See also
	Common Practice Period	See also
	common-shortest-duration	4.5.1 Horizontal spacing overview
	Completion_heads_engraver	Automatic note splitting
	Completion_rest_engraver	Automatic note splitting
	compound time signatures	Different time signatures with unequal-length measures
	compoundMeter	A.18 Available music functions
	compressFullBarRests	Full measure rests
	compressFullBarRests	Full measure rests
	compressing music	Scaling durations
	concatenating text	A.10.2 Align
	concert pitch	See also
	condensing rests	Known issues and warnings
	consists	5.1.6 Defining new contexts
	constante hairpins	Selected Snippets
	context properties, changing defaults	5.1.5 Changing context default settings
	ContextChange	See also
	Contexts	Within-system spacing properties
	Contexts	See also
	Contexts	See also
	Contexts	See also
	Contexts	5.1.4 Modifying context plug-ins
	Contexts and engravers	The double backslash construct
	Contexts and engravers	See also
	Contexts, creating and referencing	5.1.2 Creating and referencing contexts
	contexts, defining new	5.1.6 Defining new contexts
	contexts, implicit	5.1.7 Context layout order
	contexts, keeping alive	5.1.3 Keeping contexts alive
	contexts, layout order	5.1.7 Context layout order
	contexts, lifetime	5.1.3 Keeping contexts alive
	control pitch	Octave checks
	control points, Bézier curves	Modifying ties and slurs
	control points, tweaking	Known issues and warnings
	controlling general text alignment	A.10.2 Align
	controlpitch	Octave checks
	copyright sign	Unicode
	cr	Dynamics
	creating empty text objects