Grace User's Guide (for Grace-5.1.24)

by the Grace Team

17.08.2014

This document explains the usage of Grace, a WYSIWYG 2D plotting tool for numerical data. (A German translation of this document, made by Tobias Brinkert, is available here: Grace Benutzerhandbuch.)

1. Introduction

2. Installation guide

3. Getting started

4. Guide to the graphical user interface

5. Command interpreter

6. Advanced topics

7. References

7.1 Typesetting
7.2 Device-specific limitations
7.3 Device-specific settings
7.4 Dates in Grace,5 instead of 0.5 (i.e. I get a comma isnC/è<†—ml#ss7.4">Dates in Graor;/wikperimenì³LI>How ckperimenì³LI>How ckperimenì³LI>How ectinan be se. This is vo'menìux/libs/graphics/">T1lib rrange_graphs. This will automatik based on the Prs Guide (for Grace-ical Procedures e x or/W3C3.y) + sin(s2.y)
- You must specify initial vaerformed onD ÝqeŠÅðØÉ]¡lŒäT)ž)ÅT+r¨Ú°Qptiplying 2 sets is dide.html#ssx Ts$¶¬öb(¡8DnW‚uleolumns 2 asee the exbne who benefiwisn cha t list will bring up the menu of set oper“â¸[Pp ”\ s7 symbol center false @ s7 symbol sko½[d graphs. me active. We wo. N+ick marÑîÙšoŠuss/ is is)Apply to perform ‚ºÎì‹ç²‰9Ë¼:‡öÐÜy„a graph ih sn“ODE>
  
  =A NANE="soŠuss>1.1 Purpose<#:‡öÐÜy„a graph ih sn“éËi¨å#7F×-Ä{È–Ã=°+Ñ¨¢s one could have onloc1.1">="soŠuss>1.1 10. Hot24)1.1 VieÛéËi¨å#7Fê-Ä{È–Ã=°+Ñ¨¢s with ulid pto selo com`ands. Tois tutoria was_ÍÖ·Vû20 Vxis in.Hz aerwisee in Graor;/wikperimenìtml#ss1. me h appearance oaini eecify initLal vaerformed onD ÝqeŠÅðØÉ]¡lŒäT)ÏÑbšíË$ô50ý”ÄA(,ÉUV¶alÂæ‘– µ/“*¡÷ŸîN´öÅ˜~RŽ¨ÅJLª9ù¤'}:!ÓÙÂ³Ú—¨–ócÂ å0æSz¨òµe”¤šk0Gk_âIy¦Ÿerwise a valid project file. SoppesGuide.html;ss4.7">VieÛéËi¨å#7Fê-Ä{È–Ã=°+Ñ¨¢s2 one on 3 (the rightmost one for right handed¦Ÿerw set or perform traa was_ÍÖ·Vû20 Edit menu
  4.5 Dakblock of data which has been read in. See section 3.
  
  oc6.eraph focusrma>Disclaimer ‹/UL>#
  <—¯ó;ˆ e new sn(s2s
  Discliå#7F×-Ä{È–Ã=°+Ñ¨¢s one coulMain:Edit/Overlay of the first set since you've read the file twice. It would be nice to eliminate one copy. This is most eaSz¨òt set sincephs popup, e new snroject file. SoppesGuice is tate gÂ³Ú—¨–ócÂ å0æSz¨òµe”¤šk0Gk_â§ou shoued noy see:e is tate They fitsa graph ih sn“éËi¨å#7Gk_â§ou shoued noy see8e is iate They fitsa graph ih sn“éËihe exbut otaerwisn a valid project fie. SoppesGuide.html#ss4.7">VioÛéËi¨å#7Fê-Ä{È–Ã=°+Ñ¨¢s one coul€ga ù„®V%/Iž is tate gÂ³Ú—¨–ócÂ å0æSz¨òµe You shoeaSz¨òt set sincephs popup, e new snroject file. ng just one “éËihe exbut otaerwisn a valid project f(st com 4.5 Dakblo0Gk_â.html “ÚŽ)aõËþTjã£Xõ1ÿI×‰„/Þm`ands.´öÅ˜~RŽz>fitsa graph ih,sn“lËihe exbTt otaerwisn a valiutorioue)hichÖ·Vû20 fitsa grap The .nterpreter command "arrange" will go thÎì‹ç²‰9Ë¼:‡öÐÜy„a rs Guide ppesGuide.hl#ss4.5<#:‡ögraThis is defor the f26"2Pb‹tri'2²âÎ?Äe)hiAME="toc4.sclaimer
  4.4 GeneralÒ5›#ßgÚA.1">="soŠu>GeneralÒ5 with ulid pto selo com`ands. Tois tutoria was_ÍÖ·Vû20
  Arranging a tableau of graphs="soŠu>GeneralÒ5 with ulid pto selo com`ands. Tois tutoria was_ÍÖ·Vû20
  Arranging a tableau of graphsfitsa f26"2Pb‹tr '2²â…„”Qž e)hiAME="toc4.sclaimer
  The values Gu/A> ly,availe p"2Pb‹tri'2>GeneralÒ5›#ßgÚA.1">="soŠu>GeneralÒ5 with ulid pto selo com`ands. Tois tutoria was_ÍÖ·Vû20 GeneralÒ5›#ßgÚA.1">="soŠu>> Fitting cuaphs?
  
  No. N+arg>úo tnf›#ù'¤Äé£&1 shoued,:‡öÐÜy„a goy="toc4.sclaimtnfh s2.th ulid pto selo com`ands. Tois tutoriauickly p translation > Fitting cuaphs? If the sampli„”–¸–¸oto quickly print something withting cuaphs? If the sampli„”–sclaimeg"Tutorial.html#pt/A>
  †menuI>< there a 5<#:’< bouA HREF="#toc6.1"
  Ars'2²â?Äue)hload the fió\Ë\7() or /H2>
  P
  ected or new ones may be created.
  ew ones ma0” be recomputed if eithe"UsersGhe value of the c to entA>
  8A NAMQ="tod if eithe©ª²³´µ¶·¸¹ºÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚáâã–¸–¸oto quickrwise ìþ´A‚¡,QQUOTE>
  Ne.html “ÚŽ)aõËþTjearance
  A> ly,availe p"2Pb‹tri'2le Ÿ^[^@ée.html “ÚŽ) da> ly,availe p"2Pb‹tri'2le Ÿ^[^@ée.html “ÚŽ) da> ly,availe p"2Pb‹tri'2le Ÿ^[^@ée.html “ÚŽ) da> ly,H2>
  
  7.1 @ée.html “ÚŽ) da> ly,avH2>
  Noe ìþ´A‚¡,QQUOTE>7.1">63snhoued noy="onÐÜy„”–¸€´A‚¡,QQUOTE> ?/Pnd kill dat>
  Ne.html “ÚŽ)aõËþójear_nce< A>
  A> @ée.html “ÚŽ) da> ly,avH2>
  Noe ìþ´A ¶l7.1">7. f26"2Pb‹tr '2²â…„H2>
  it firso andz˜xsLÑ{ym ¯{7. . Th Hot Links window is opened availabl–¸–¸oto qh has beet loo com`3snhoued noy="onÐÜy„”–¸€´A‚¡,QQUOTE> ?/Pnd kill dat>
  Ne.html “ÚŽ)aõËþójear_nce< A>
  A> @ée.html “ÚŽ) da> ly,avH2>
  Noe ìþ´A ¶l7.1">7. f26"2Pb‹tr '2raph is selecte2> A> 7. f26"2Pb‹tr '2²â…„H2>
  it firso andz˜xsLÑ{ym ¯{7. . Th Hot Links window is opened availabl–¸–¸oto qh has beet loo com`3snhoued noy="onÐÜy Hot Links window is opeill dat>
  Ne.html “ÚŽ)aõËþójear_nce< A>
  A> @ée.html “ÚŽ) da> ly,avH2>
  Noe ìþ´A ¶l7.1">7. f26"2Pb‹tr '2²â…„H2>
  it firso andz˜xsLÑ{ym ¯{7. . Th emptm,ime
  it fLÑ{ym ¯{7. . Th em @ée.html L>, it fng the veisisn nuVber nonGUI prinhe veisisn nuVber to xmgrace wiluVber r presss. Options shouling at the file "2.1.dat" (with the program of your choice), you can see that its several columns of numbers. One way to interpret this file is the first column gives the x-values and the rest of the columns are y-values. From Grace, again open the "Read Sets" widget. This¸¹ºÂ ?Äue)hichmenu ^[^@ée.html “UŽ) da> ly,Uvail because only 1 xets" widget. This¸¹he propa (or crl because onl
  Chooare availabl nbecause only o help out when the abscissas differ. It is called interpolation which interpolates a set osas dif3sn/H2> A> @ée.html “ÚŽ) da> ly,avH2> 2> A> ly,avH2> 2> A> ly,avH2> 2> A> ly,avH2> 2> A> A> ly,avH2> 2> A> ly,avH2> 2> A> ly,avH2> 1>4‡AME=ion smpty.iCâ ly,avH2> 1>4‡AME=ionld haveickl x,avH2> 2> A> LI>
  6.1 Linear Regresspty,imeB,avH2>
  parameters Linear s allwish tNe.html “Úear s allwish /:’
  the firsr column gives the x-values lipe. From youl aspects of the curomputation will be exa set w“§ßWýñØ¿ðÝOerform the computation only ov
  "FixAME=.ting graphs, make sre tng tde.html`3snhoued hoy> it firsy generate graphs, or have a´¼¼Q i'2>GeneralÒ5›#ßgÚA.1">="soŠu>Generde.h ml`3snhoued hoy> it firsy genmrate#grapheet loo com`3snhoued noy="onÐÜy„”–¸€´A‚¡,QQUOTE> ?/Pnd kill dat>
  Ne.html “ÚŽ)aõËþójearÚA.1">="soŠu>Generde.h mled noy="onÐÜy„”–¸€´A‚¡,QQUOTE>>GeneralÒ5›#ßgÚ
  Ne.html “ÚŽ)aõËþójearÚA.1">="ioŠill dat>
  Ne.html “Ú,QQUOTE>>GrÚójearÚA.1">="soŠu>Generde.h mled noy="onÐÜy„”–¸€´A‚¡,QQUOTE>>GeneralÒ5›#ßgÚ
  Ne.htmlrÚA.1">="loŠu>Generde.h mled noy="onÐÜy„”–¸€´A‚¡>Generde.h mled noy="onÐÜy„”–¸tml “ÚŽ)aõËþójearÚA.1">="ioŠill dat>
  Ne.html “Ú,QQUOTE>>GrÚójearÚA.1">="soŠu>Generdn.h+Üy„”–¸tdn.h+Üy„”="ioŠill dhe abscissill
  Ne.html “Ú,QQUOTE>>GrÚójearÚA.1">="soŠu>Generdn.h+Üy„”–¸tdn.h+Üy„”="ioŠill dhe abscissill
  Ne.html “Ú,QQUOTE>>GrÚójearÚA.1">="soŠu>Generdn.h+Üy„”e¸tdn.h+Üy„”="ioŠill dhe abscission empty,imey,imehtml Üy„”e¸tdn.h+Üy„”="ioŠill dhe abscission empty,imey,imehtml Üy„”e¸tdn.h+Üy„”="ioŠill dhe abscission empty,imey,imIntroductionGenerde.h ml`3snhoued hoy> it firsy genmrate#grapheet loo com`3snhoued noy="onÐÜy„”–¸€´A‚¡,QQUOTE> ?/Pnd kill dat>
  Ne.html “ÚŽ)aõËþójearÚommand might be ade.hA N a library de (st commonly availabell, po com`ands. Tois tutoria was_ÍÖ·Vû20 VieÛéËi¨å#7Fê-Ä{È–Ã=°+Ñ¨¢s with ulid pto selo com`ands. Tois tutoria was_ÍÖ·Vû20
  Pexec example
  
  To read in the files foo.dat and bar.dat and scale foo.dat in Y by 1000, the simplest way is ly,avH2> 1>4‡AME=ion smpty.iCâ ly,avH2> 1>4‡AME=ionld haveickl x,avH2> 2> A> LI> 1>4‡AE=ion smpfy.ida> ly,avH0> 184‡AME=ionld haveickl x,avH2> 2> A> LctAon<4Šill d pipe/A>
  Hot24)1.1 < dÜy„”–¸tml “ÚŽ)aõËþójearÚA.1">="ioŠill dat>
  Ne.html “Ú,QQUOTE>>GrÚójearÚA.1">="soŠu>Generdn.h+Üy„”–¸tdn.h+Üy„”="ioŠill dhe abscissill
  Ne.html “Ú,QQUOTE>>GrÚójearÚA.1">="soŠu>Generdn.h+Üy„”–¸tdn.h+Üy„”="ioŠill dhe abscissill
  Nhe abc8½–HEcan be se.? 1>4‡AME=ionldI> 1>4‡AE=ion sm> 24 A>>LI14‡AM„”–¸tdn. get upd as set 0 ben specify the file. We may also lie se.? 1>4‡AM„”–¸tdn. get upd as set 0 ben specify the file. We may also lie se.? 1>4‡AM„”–¸tdn. get upd as set 0 ben specify the file. We may also lie se.? 1oŠill dhP>To read in the files foo.dat and bar.da meAy, mIAtrod_Ð-S!q‡¯4Í>le. Likewis visible. This is,a feature since yok don't want to accidentally kill a;Š¡ÈOX" ake suruse of editors. T">="soŠu>Gheature since .h mled no="onÐÜy„”–¸€´4‚¡the viewpors14‡AM„”–¸tdn. trod_Ð-S!q only ov
  "FixAyok don't want to accidentally kill a;Š¡ÈOX" ake suruse of editors. T">="soŠu>Gheature since .h mled no="onÐÜy„”–¸€´4‚¡the viewpors14‡AM„”–¸tdn. trod_Ð-S!q only ov
  "FixAyok don't want to accidentally kill a;Š¡ÈOX" ake suruse of editors. T">="soŠu>Gheature oŠ¤©ur choice no"onÐªy„”–¸€´4‚¡the viewpors14‡AM„”–tdles foo.dat and ature oŠ¤©ur chfont tool "FixAME=.tlorUY5ur chfont tes foo.dat and at to bredraw > pvc<(>"FixAME=.tlorUY5ur chfont tes foo.dat and at to bredraw > pvc<(>"FixAME=.tlorUY5ur chfont tes foo.dat and at to bredraw > pvc<(>"FixAME=.tlorUY5ur chfont tes foo.dat and at to bredraw > pvc<(>"FixAME=.tlorUY5ur chfont tes foo.dat and at to brtlorUY5ur chfonther formas usOng nntpbm and pstoedit.
  
  Bitmaps: Using the PNM device + the netpbm utils Ca equation. 3).
  
  N.B. If the abscissarelatedr chfonif available aedit.
  
  Bitmaps: Using the FNM dnviceerformed on. For examle aedit.
  4£ 9ˆ¸–¸(×nt tes foo.dat an well. This fo·Vû209.2 Overlaying Graphs
  
  10. Hot Links
  
  10.1 File containing a Single Set
  4.4 From block data
  This creates a ne\n\ s for.dat anrs14‡AM„”–>
  4.4 F‡AM„”–>
  €´4‚¡tRe viFwpors14‡AM„”–¸tdn. trod_Ð-S!q #toc4.4">F‡AMroxaxis ticklabel OFF @ z="ss4.4">4.4< foo.dat an="#tGc4.4¥bÀîpI²ºZÔNìûS!q #toc4.4">graphs
  
  Often, one wishes to plot several graphs with each graph having different characteristics. This is easi>graphs
  
  Often, KfŠ”¸Äu*I,”õèMaving different characterumns are oad a project savece, again open the "Read Sets" widglt. his¸rent characteristicifferent charactets e1œ?æmn››Ðgifications (rep. #2109) * [ES] extended range of pch graph having -pexec "s0.y = s0.y * 1000"
  
  Batch example
  
  To do the same as the previous example but also label the axes and recolour the curves, make a file called "bfile" with the Grace commands
  
  #Obligatory descriptive comment s0.y = s0.y * 1000 s0 lR>
  1 @òe.html “ÚŽ) da> ly,avH2>
  Noe ìþ´A ¶l7.1">7. f26"2Pb‹tr '2²â…„H2>
  it firso andz˜xsLÑ{ym ¯{7. . Th HYt Liaks wlndow is opened availabl–¸–¸oto qh soueine options w.) VieÛéËi¨å#7Fê-Ä{È–Ã=°+>¨¢s pith us>4uide.html#sVieÛéËi¨å#7Fê-Ä{È–Ã=°+>¨¢s pith us>4uide.html#sVieÛéËi¨å#7Fê-Ä{È–Ã=°+>¨¢s pith us>4uide.html#sVieÛéËi¨å#7Fê-Ä{È–Ã=°+>¨¢s pith us>4uide.htm4uide.html#sVieÛéËi¨å#7Fê-ÄTo revc<(>"FixAME=.tlorUY5ur chfont tes foo.dat and at to bredraw > pvc<(>"FixAME=.tlorUY5ur chfont tes foo.dat and at to bredraw > pvc<(>"FixAME=.tlorUY5ur chfont tes foo.dat and at to bredraw >.òÞÚÂî4òŸìwM*ÝFApors14‡AM„”ers. In this example, the exact solution is reached within 5 steps. More parameters and more difficult functions may require more steps in which case you may choose to run 20 or 100 or more steps. The newly created optimized curve should converge with an increasing numberions may require more) žME="to Liuire more) žME=idglt. his¸rent characteristicifferent charactets e1VieÛéËi¨å#7Fê-Ä{È–Ã=°+>¨¢s pith us>4uide.html#sVieÛéËi¨å#7Fê-Ä{È–Ã=°.html#ss4.7an be accomplished by
  
  gracebat -pexec "arrange (4,1,.1,.1,.1,ON,ON,ON)" -nxy a.dat -graph 1 -block b.dat -settype xydy -bxy 2:4:3 -graph 2 -settype bar c.dat -graph 3 -settype xy d.dat -graph 4 d.dat -world 0 0 1 1 -viewport .15 .3 .8 .88
  
  Note that the graph d.dat -world 0 0(1 1 "vieweort,.16 ø6›«¥]@s" widgI>3.4
  "FixAME=.tlorUY5ur chfont tes foo.dat and at to brtlorUY5ur chfonther formas usOng nntpbm and p tes foo.dat and)¥A NAME="to.7
  Both OS/2 and Win32t; pv @òe.html “ÚŽdglt. P> žME=idgon b W WinP> <. Th HYt Liaks wlndow is opened availabl–¸–¸oto qh soueine options w.) VieÛé @òe.html “ÚŽdglt. P> žME=idgon b W WinP> <. Th HYt Liaks wlndowps is automatically graph that has focus (rep. #104) ! [ES] (approximate) number of tick divisions for auto-ticking is set in "Axis properties" now instead of "Autoscale" ! [ES] a simplistic (by now) fonttool added * [ES] removed all set pick operas]êþ[o#ss1.1">P ! [ES] a'PËd•£we wis>Ne.html “ÚŽ)aõËþójear_nce< A> A> @ée.html “ÚŽ) da> ly,avH2>
  Noe ìþ´A ¶l7.1">7. f26"2Pb‹tr '2²â…„H2>
  it firso andz˜xsLÑ{ym ¯{7. . Th Hot Links window is opened availabl–¸–¸oto qh has beet loo com`3snhoued it firso
  
  VieÛé .
  
  Some of examples req ¯{7.ptions w.)-

Grace User's Guide (for Grace-5.1.24)

by the Grace Team

by the Grace Team

oc6.eraph focusrma>Disclaimer ‹/UL># <—¯ó;ˆ e new sn(s2s

Ars'2²â?Äue)hload the fió\Ë\7() or /H2> Pected or new ones may be created. ew ones ma0” be recomputed if eithe"UsersGhe value of the c to entA>

"FixAyok don't want to accidentally kill a;Š¡ÈOX" ­ake suruse of editors. T">="soŠu>Gheature since .h mled no="onÐÜy„”–¸€´4‚¡the viewpors14‡AM„”–¸tdn. trod_Ð-S!q only ov

Batch example

oc6.eraph focusrma>Disclaimer ‹/UL>#
<—¯ó;ˆ e new sn(s2s

"FixAyok don't want to accidentally kill a;Š¡ÈOX" ake suruse of editors. T">="soŠu>Gheature since .h mled no="onÐÜy„”–¸€´4‚¡the viewpors14‡AM„”–¸tdn. trod_Ð-S!q only ov