Magick++ STL Support

Magick++ provides a set of Standard Template Libary (STL ) algorithms for operating across ranges of image frames in a container. It also provides a set of STL unary function objects to apply an operation on image frames in a container via an algorithm which uses unary function objects. A good example of a standard algorithm which is useful for processing containers of image frames is the STL for_each algorithm which invokes a unary function object on a range of container elements.

Magick++ uses a limited set of template argument types. The current template argument types are:

Container
A container having the properties of a Back Insertion Sequence . Sequences support forward iterators and Back Insertion Sequences support the additional abilty to append an element via push_back(). Common compatable container types are the STL < vector > and <list > template containers. This template argument is usually used to represent an output container in which one or more image frames may be appended. Containers like STL <vector > which have a given default capacity may need to have their capacity adjusted via reserve() to a larger capacity in order to support the expected final size . Since Magick++ images are very small, it is likely that the default capacity of STL < vector > is sufficient for most situations.
InputIterator
An input iterator used to express a position in a container. These template arguments are typically used to represent a range of elements with first_ representing the first element to be processed and last_ representing the element to stop at. When processing the entire contents of a container, it is handy to know that STL containers usually provide the begin() and end() methods to return input interators which correspond with the first and last elements, respectively.

The following is an example of how frames from a GIF animation "test_image_anim.gif" may be appended horizontally with the resulting image written to the file "appended_image.miff":

#include <list>
#include <Magick++.h>
using namespace std;
using namespace Magick;

int main(int /*argc*/,char **/*argv*/)
{
list<Image> imageList;
readImages( &imageList, "test_image_anim.gif" );

   Image appended;
   appendImages( &appended, imageList.begin(), imageList.end() );
   appended.write( "appended_image.miff" );
   return 0;
}

The available Magick++ specific STL algorithms for operating on sequences of image frames are shown in the following table:

Magick++ STL Algorithms For Image Sequences

Algorithm Signature Description

animateImages InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_ Animate a sequence of image frames. Image frames are displayed in succession, creating an animated effect. The animation options are taken from the first image frame. This feature is only supported under X11 at the moment.

appendImages Image *appendedImage_, InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_, bool stack_ = false Append a sequence of image frames, writing the result to appendedImage_. All the input image frames must have the same width or height. Image frames of the same width are stacked top-to-bottom. Image frames of the same height are stacked left-to-right. If the stack_ parameter is false, rectangular image frames are stacked left-to-right otherwise top-to-bottom.

averageImages Image *averagedImage_, InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_ Average a sequence of image frames, writing the result to averagedImage_. All the input image frames must be the same size in pixels.

coalesceImages Container *coalescedImages_, InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_
Create a coalesced image sequence obtained by "playing" the image sequence (observing page offsets and disposal methods) to create a new image sequence in which all frames are full size and completely rendered. Note that if the original image sequence relied on page offsets and disposal methods that the resulting sequence will be larger (perhaps much larger) then the original. This is useful for GIF animation sequences that have page offsets and disposal methods. The resuting image sequence is returned via coalescedImages_.

deconstructImages Container *deconstructedImages_, InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_ Break down an image sequence into constituent parts. This is useful for creating GIF or MNG animation sequences. The input sequence is specified by first_ and last_, and the deconstruted images are returned via deconstructedImages_.

displayImages InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_ Display a sequence of image frames. Through use of a pop-up menu, image frames may be selected in succession. This feature is fully supported under X11 but may have only limited support in other environments.
Caution: if an image format is is not compatable with the display visual (e.g. JPEG on a colormapped display) then the original image will be altered. Use a copy of the original if this is a problem.

flattenImages Image *flattendImage_, InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_ Merge a sequence of image frames which represent image layers into a single composited representation. The flattendImage_ parameter points to an existing Image to update with the flattened image. This function is useful for combining Photoshop layers into a single image.

mapImages InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_, const Image & mapImage_, bool dither_, bool measureError_ = false Replace the colors of a sequence of images with the closest color from a reference image. Set dither_ to true to enable dithering. Set measureError_ to true in order to evaluate quantization error.

montageImages Container *montageImages_, InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_, const Montage &montageOpts_ Create a composite image by combining several separate image frames. Multiple frames may be generated in the output container montageImages_ depending on the tile setting and the number of image frames montaged. Montage options are provided via the parameter montageOpts_ . Options set in the first image frame ( backgroundColor, borderColor , matteColor , fillColor, strokeColor, font, and fontPointsize ) are also used as options by montageImages().

morphImages Container *morphedImages_, InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_, unsigned int frames_ Morph a seqence of image frames. This algorithm expands the number of image frames (output to the container morphedImages_) by adding the number of intervening frames specified by frames_ such that the original frames morph (blend) into each other when played as an animation.

mosaicImages Image *mosaicImage_, InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_ Inlay a number of images to form a single coherent picture. The mosicImage_ argument is updated with a mosaic constructed from the image sequence represented by first_ through last_ .

readImages Container *sequence_, const std::string &imageSpec_ Read a sequence of image frames into existing container (appending to container sequence_) with image names specified in the string imageSpec_.

Container *sequence_, const Blob &blob_ Read a sequence of image frames into existing container (appending to container sequence_) from Blob blob_.

writeImages InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_, const std::string &imageSpec_, bool adjoin_ = true Write images in container to file specified by string imageSpec_. Set adjoin_ to false to write a set of image frames via a wildcard imageSpec_ (e.g. image%02d.miff).
The wildcard must be one of %0Nd, %0No, or %0Nx.
Caution: if an image format is selected which is capable of supporting fewer colors than the original image or quantization has been requested, the original image will be quantized to fewer colors. Use a copy of the original if this is a problem.

InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_, Blob *blob_, bool adjoin_ = true Write images in container to in-memory BLOB specified by Blob blob_. Set adjoin_ to false to write a set of image frames via a wildcard imageSpec_ (e.g. image%02d.miff).
Caution: if an image format is selected which is capable of supporting fewer colors than the original image or quantization has been requested, the original image will be quantized to fewer colors. Use a copy of the original if this is a problem.

quantizeImages InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_, bool measureError_ = false Quantize colors in images using current quantization settings. Set measureError_ to true in order to measure quantization error.

**Magick++ STL Algorithms For Image Sequences**
Algorithm	Signature	Description
animateImages	InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_	Animate a sequence of image frames. Image frames are displayed in succession, creating an animated effect. The animation options are taken from the first image frame. This feature is only supported under X11 at the moment.
appendImages	Image *appendedImage_, InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_, bool stack_ = false	Append a sequence of image frames, writing the result to appendedImage_. All the input image frames must have the same width or height. Image frames of the same width are stacked top-to-bottom. Image frames of the same height are stacked left-to-right. If the stack_ parameter is false, rectangular image frames are stacked left-to-right otherwise top-to-bottom.
averageImages	Image *averagedImage_, InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_	Average a sequence of image frames, writing the result to averagedImage_. All the input image frames must be the same size in pixels.
coalesceImages	Container *coalescedImages_, InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_	Create a coalesced image sequence obtained by "playing" the image sequence (observing page offsets and disposal methods) to create a new image sequence in which all frames are full size and completely rendered. Note that if the original image sequence relied on page offsets and disposal methods that the resulting sequence will be larger (perhaps much larger) then the original. This is useful for GIF animation sequences that have page offsets and disposal methods. The resuting image sequence is returned via coalescedImages_.
deconstructImages	Container *deconstructedImages_, InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_	Break down an image sequence into constituent parts. This is useful for creating GIF or MNG animation sequences. The input sequence is specified by first_ and last_, and the deconstruted images are returned via deconstructedImages_.
displayImages	InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_	Display a sequence of image frames. Through use of a pop-up menu, image frames may be selected in succession. This feature is fully supported under X11 but may have only limited support in other environments. Caution: if an image format is is not compatable with the display visual (e.g. JPEG on a colormapped display) then the original image will be altered. Use a copy of the original if this is a problem.
flattenImages	Image *flattendImage_, InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_	Merge a sequence of image frames which represent image layers into a single composited representation. The flattendImage_ parameter points to an existing Image to update with the flattened image. This function is useful for combining Photoshop layers into a single image.
mapImages	InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_, const Image & mapImage_, bool dither_, bool measureError_ = false	Replace the colors of a sequence of images with the closest color from a reference image. Set dither_ to true to enable dithering. Set measureError_ to true in order to evaluate quantization error.
montageImages	Container *montageImages_, InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_, const Montage &montageOpts_	Create a composite image by combining several separate image frames. Multiple frames may be generated in the output container montageImages_ depending on the tile setting and the number of image frames montaged. Montage options are provided via the parameter montageOpts_ . Options set in the first image frame ( backgroundColor, borderColor , matteColor , fillColor, strokeColor, font, and fontPointsize ) are also used as options by montageImages().
morphImages	Container *morphedImages_, InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_, unsigned int frames_	Morph a seqence of image frames. This algorithm expands the number of image frames (output to the container morphedImages_) by adding the number of intervening frames specified by frames_ such that the original frames morph (blend) into each other when played as an animation.
mosaicImages	Image *mosaicImage_, InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_	Inlay a number of images to form a single coherent picture. The mosicImage_ argument is updated with a mosaic constructed from the image sequence represented by first_ through last_ .
readImages	Container *sequence_, const std::string &imageSpec_	Read a sequence of image frames into existing container (appending to container sequence_) with image names specified in the string imageSpec_.
Container *sequence_, const Blob &blob_	Read a sequence of image frames into existing container (appending to container sequence_) from Blob blob_.
writeImages	InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_, const std::string &imageSpec_, bool adjoin_ = true	Write images in container to file specified by string imageSpec_. Set adjoin_ to false to write a set of image frames via a wildcard imageSpec_ (e.g. image%02d.miff). The wildcard must be one of `%0Nd, %0No, or %0Nx`. Caution: if an image format is selected which is capable of supporting fewer colors than the original image or quantization has been requested, the original image will be quantized to fewer colors. Use a copy of the original if this is a problem.
InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_, Blob *blob_, bool adjoin_ = true	Write images in container to in-memory BLOB specified by Blob blob_. Set adjoin_ to false to write a set of image frames via a wildcard imageSpec_ (e.g. image%02d.miff). Caution: if an image format is selected which is capable of supporting fewer colors than the original image or quantization has been requested, the original image will be quantized to fewer colors. Use a copy of the original if this is a problem.
quantizeImages	InputIterator first_, InputIterator last_, bool measureError_ = false	Quantize colors in images using current quantization settings. Set measureError_ to true in order to measure quantization error.

Magick++ Unary Function Objects

Magick++ unary function objects inherit from the STL unary_function template class . The STL unary_function template class is of the form

unary_function<Arg, Result>

and expects that derived classes implement a method of the form:

Result operator()( Arg argument_ );

which is invoked by algorithms using the function object. In the case of unary function objects defined by Magick++, the invoked function looks like:

void operator()( Image &image_);

with a typical implementation looking similar to:

void operator()( Image &image_ )
{
image_.contrast( _sharpen );
}

where contrast is an Image method and _sharpen is an argument stored within the function object by its contructor. Since constructors may be polymorphic, a given function object may have several constructors and selects the appropriate Image method based on the arguments supplied.

In essence, unary function objects (as provided by Magick++) simply provide the means to construct an object which caches arguments for later use by an algorithm designed for use with unary function objects. There is a unary function object corresponding each algorithm provided by the Image class and there is a contructor available compatable with each synonymous method in the Image class.

The unary function objects that Magick++ provides to support manipulating images are shown in the following table:

Magick++ Unary Function Objects For Image Manipulation

Function Object Constructor Signatures(s) Description

adaptiveThresholdImage

unsigned int width, unsigned int height, unsigned offset = 0
Apply adaptive thresholding to the image. Adaptive thresholding is useful if the ideal threshold level is not known in advance, or if the illumination gradient is not constant across the image. Adaptive thresholding works by evaulating the mean (average) of a pixel region (size specified by width and height) and using the mean as the thresholding value. In order to remove residual noise from the background, the threshold may be adjusted by subtracting a constant offset (default zero) from the mean to compute the threshold.

addNoiseImage NoiseType noiseType_ Add noise to image with specified noise type.

affineTransformImage
const DrawableAffine &affine_
Transform image by specified affine (or free transform) matrix.

annotateImage const std::string &text_, const Geometry &location_ Annotate with text using specified text, bounding area, placement gravity, and rotation. If boundingArea_ is invalid, then bounding area is entire image.

std::string text_, const Geometry &boundingArea_, GravityType gravity_ Annotate using specified text, bounding area, and placement gravity. If boundingArea_ is invalid, then bounding area is entire image.

const std::string &text_, const Geometry &boundingArea_, GravityType gravity_, double degrees_, Annotate with text using specified text, bounding area, placement gravity, and rotation. If boundingArea_ is invalid, then bounding area is entire image.

const std::string &text_, GravityType gravity_ Annotate with text (bounding area is entire image) and placement gravity.

blurImage const double radius_ = 1, const double sigma_ = 0.5 Blur image. The radius_ parameter specifies the radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center pixel. The sigma_ parameter specifies the standard deviation of the Laplacian, in pixels.

borderImage const Geometry &geometry_ = "6x6+0+0" Border image (add border to image). The color of the border is specified by the borderColor attribute.

charcoalImage const double radius_ = 1, const double sigma_ = 0.5 Charcoal effect image (looks like charcoal sketch). The radius_ parameter specifies the radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center pixel. The sigma_ parameter specifies the standard deviation of the Laplacian, in pixels.

chopImage const Geometry &geometry_ Chop image (remove vertical or horizontal subregion of image)

colorizeImage const unsigned int opacityRed_, const unsigned int opacityGreen_, const unsigned int opacityBlue_, const Color &penColor_ Colorize image with pen color, using specified percent opacity for red, green, and blue quantums.

const unsigned int opacity_, const Color &penColor_ Colorize image with pen color, using specified percent opacity.

commentImage const std::string &comment_ Comment image (add comment string to image). By default, each image is commented with its file name. Use this method to assign a specific comment to the image. Optionally you can include the image filename, type, width, height, or other image attributes by embedding special format characters.

compositeImage const Image &compositeImage_, int xOffset_, int yOffset_, CompositeOperator compose_ = InCompositeOp Compose an image onto another at specified offset and using specified algorithm

const Image &compositeImage_, const Geometry &offset_, CompositeOperator compose_ = InCompositeOp

condenseImage void Condense image (Re-run-length encode image in memory).

contrastImage unsigned int sharpen_ Contrast image (enhance intensity differences in image)

cropImage const Geometry &geometry_ Crop image (subregion of original image)

cycleColormap-
Image int amount_ Cycle image colormap

despeckleImage void Despeckle image (reduce speckle noise)

drawImage const Drawable &drawable_ Draw shape or text on image.

const std::list<Drawable > &drawable_ Draw shapes or text on image using a set of Drawable objects contained in an STL list. Use of this method improves drawing performance and allows batching draw objects together in a list for repeated use.

edgeImage unsigned int radius_ = 0.0 Edge image (hilight edges in image). The radius is the radius of the pixel neighborhood.. Specify a radius of zero for automatic radius selection.

embossImage const double radius_ = 1, const double sigma_ = 0.5 Emboss image (hilight edges with 3D effect). The radius_ parameter specifies the radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center pixel. The sigma_ parameter specifies the standard deviation of the Laplacian, in pixels.

enhanceImage void Enhance image (minimize noise)

equalizeImage void Equalize image (histogram equalization)

flipImage void Flip image (reflect each scanline in the vertical direction)

floodFill-
ColorImage unsigned int x_, unsigned int y_, const Color &fillColor_ Flood-fill color across pixels that match the color of the target pixel and are neighbors of the target pixel. Uses current fuzz setting when determining color match.

const Geometry &point_, const Color &fillColor_

unsigned int x_, unsigned int y_, const Color &fillColor_, const Color &borderColor_ Flood-fill color across pixels starting at target-pixel and stopping at pixels matching specified border color. Uses current fuzz setting when determining color match.

const Geometry &point_, const Color &fillColor_, const Color &borderColor_

floodFill-
TextureImage unsigned int x_, unsigned int y_, const Image &texture_ Flood-fill texture across pixels that match the color of the target pixel and are neighbors of the target pixel. Uses current fuzz setting when determining color match.

const Geometry &point_, const Image &texture_

unsigned int x_, unsigned int y_, const Image &texture_, const Color &borderColor_ Flood-fill texture across pixels starting at target-pixel and stopping at pixels matching specified border color. Uses current fuzz setting when determining color match.

const Geometry &point_, const Image &texture_, const Color &borderColor_

flopImage void Flop image (reflect each scanline in the horizontal direction)

frameImage const Geometry &geometry_ = "25x25+6+6" Add decorative frame around image

unsigned int width_, unsigned int height_, int x_, int y_, int innerBevel_ = 0, int outerBevel_ = 0

gammaImage double gamma_ Gamma correct image (uniform red, green, and blue correction).

double gammaRed_, double gammaGreen_, double gammaBlue_ Gamma correct red, green, and blue channels of image.

gaussianBlurImage double width_, double sigma_ Gaussian blur image. The number of neighbor pixels to be included in the convolution mask is specified by 'width_'. For example, a width of one gives a (standard) 3x3 convolution mask. The standard deviation of the gaussian bell curve is specified by 'sigma_'.

implodeImage double factor_ Implode image (special effect)

labelImage const string &label_ Assign a label to an image. Use this option to assign a specific label to the image. Optionally you can include the image filename, type, width, height, or scene number in the label by embedding special format characters. If the first character of string is @, the image label is read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string. When converting to Postscript, use this option to specify a header string to print above the image.

levelImage
const double black_point, const double white_point, const double mid_point=1.0
Level image. Adjust the levels of the image by scaling the colors falling between specified white and black points to the full available quantum range. The parameters provided represent the black, mid (gamma), and white points. The black point specifies the darkest color in the image. Colors darker than the black point are set to zero. Mid point (gamma) specifies a gamma correction to apply to the image. White point specifies the lightest color in the image. Colors brighter than the white point are set to the maximum quantum value. The black and white point have the valid range 0 to MaxRGB while mid (gamma) has a useful range of 0 to ten.

levelChannelImage
const Magick::ChannelType channel, const double black_point, const double white_point, const double mid_point=1.0
Level image channel. Adjust the levels of the image channel by scaling the values falling between specified white and black points to the full available quantum range. The parameters provided represent the black, mid (gamma), and white points. The black point specifies the darkest color in the image. Colors darker than the black point are set to zero. Mid point (gamma) specifies a gamma correction to apply to the image. White point specifies the lightest color in the image. Colors brighter than the white point are set to the maximum quantum value. The black and white point have the valid range 0 to MaxRGB while mid (gamma) has a useful range of 0 to ten.

layerImage ChannelType layer_ Extract layer from image. Use this option to extract a particular layer from the image. MatteLayer, for example, is useful for extracting the opacity values from an image.

magnifyImage void Magnify image by integral size

mapImage const Image &mapImage_ , bool dither_ = false Remap image colors with closest color from reference image. Set dither_ to true in to apply Floyd/Steinberg error diffusion to the image. By default, color reduction chooses an optimal set of colors that best represent the original image. Alternatively, you can choose a particular set of colors from an image file with this option.

matteFloodfill-
Image const Color &target_, unsigned int matte_, int x_, int y_, PaintMethod method_ Floodfill designated area with a matte value

medianFilterImage const double radius_ = 0.0 Filter image by replacing each pixel component with the median color in a circular neighborhood

minifyImage void Reduce image by integral size

modulateImage double brightness_, double saturation_, double hue_ Modulate percent hue, saturation, and brightness of an image. Modulation of saturation and brightness is as a ratio of the current value (1.0 for no change). Modulation of hue is an absolute rotation of -180 degrees to +180 degrees from the current position corresponding to an argument range of 0 to 2.0 (1.0 for no change).

negateImage bool grayscale_ = false Negate colors in image. Replace every pixel with its complementary color (white becomes black, yellow becomes blue, etc.). Set grayscale to only negate grayscale values in image.

normalizeImage void Normalize image (increase contrast by normalizing the pixel values to span the full range of color values).

oilPaintImage unsigned int radius_ = 3 Oilpaint image (image looks like oil painting)

opacityImage unsigned int opacity_ Set or attenuate the opacity channel in the image. If the image pixels are opaque then they are set to the specified opacity value, otherwise they are blended with the supplied opacity value. The value of opacity_ ranges from 0 (completely opaque) to MaxRGB. The defines OpaqueOpacity and TransparentOpacity are available to specify completely opaque or completely transparent, respectively.

opaqueImage const Color &opaqueColor_, const Color &penColor_ Change color of pixels matching opaqueColor_ to specified penColor_.

quantizeImage bool measureError_ = false Quantize image (reduce number of colors). Set measureError_ to true in order to calculate error attributes.

raiseImage const Geometry &geometry_ = "6x6+0+0", bool raisedFlag_ = false Raise image (lighten or darken the edges of an image to give a 3-D raised or lowered effect)

reduceNoise-
Image void Reduce noise in image using a noise peak elimination filter.

unsigned int order_

rollImage int columns_, int rows_ Roll image (rolls image vertically and horizontally) by specified number of columnms and rows)

rotateImage double degrees_ Rotate image counter-clockwise by specified number of degrees

sampleImage const Geometry &geometry_ Resize image by using pixel sampling algorithm

scaleImage const Geometry &geometry_ Resize image by using simple ratio algorithm

segmentImage double clusterThreshold_ = 1.0,
double smoothingThreshold_ = 1.5 Segment (coalesce similar image components) by analyzing the histograms of the color components and identifying units that are homogeneous with the fuzzy c-means technique. Also uses quantizeColorSpace and verbose image attributes. Specify clusterThreshold_ , as the number of pixels each cluster must exceed the cluster threshold to be considered valid. SmoothingThreshold_ eliminates noise in the second derivative of the histogram. As the value is increased, you can expect a smoother second derivative. The default is 1.5.

shadeImage double azimuth_ = 30, double elevation_ = 30,
bool colorShading_ = false Shade image using distant light source. Specify azimuth_ and elevation_ as the position of the light source. By default, the shading results as a grayscale image.. Set colorShading_ to true to shade the red, green, and blue components of the image.

sharpenImage const double radius_ = 1, const double sigma_ = 0.5 Sharpen pixels in image. The radius_ parameter specifies the radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center pixel. The sigma_ parameter specifies the standard deviation of the Laplacian, in pixels.

shaveImage const Geometry &geometry_ Shave pixels from image edges.

shearImage double xShearAngle_, double yShearAngle_ Shear image (create parallelogram by sliding image by X or Y axis). Shearing slides one edge of an image along the X or Y axis, creating a parallelogram. An X direction shear slides an edge along the X axis, while a Y direction shear slides an edge along the Y axis. The amount of the shear is controlled by a shear angle. For X direction shears, x degrees is measured relative to the Y axis, and similarly, for Y direction shears y degrees is measured relative to the X axis. Empty triangles left over from shearing the image are filled with the color defined as borderColor.

solarizeImage double factor_ Solarize image (similar to effect seen when exposing a photographic film to light during the development process)

spreadImage unsigned int amount_ = 3 Spread pixels randomly within image by specified amount

steganoImage const Image &watermark_ Add a digital watermark to the image (based on second image)

stereoImage const Image &rightImage_ Create an image which appears in stereo when viewed with red-blue glasses (Red image on left, blue on right)

swirlImage double degrees_ Swirl image (image pixels are rotated by degrees)

textureImage const Image &texture_ Layer a texture on image background

thresholdImage double threshold_ Threshold image

transformImage const Geometry &imageGeometry_ Transform image based on image and crop geometries. Crop geometry is optional.

const Geometry &imageGeometry_, const Geometry &cropGeometry_

transparentImage const Color &color_ Add matte image to image, setting pixels matching color to transparent.

trimImage void Trim edges that are the background color from the image.

waveImage double amplitude_ = 25.0, double wavelength_ = 150.0 Alter an image along a sine wave.

zoomImage const Geometry &geometry_ Zoom image to specified size.

**Magick++ Unary Function Objects For Image Manipulation**
Function Object	Constructor Signatures(s)	Description
adaptiveThresholdImage	unsigned int width, unsigned int height, unsigned offset = 0	Apply adaptive thresholding to the image. Adaptive thresholding is useful if the ideal threshold level is not known in advance, or if the illumination gradient is not constant across the image. Adaptive thresholding works by evaulating the mean (average) of a pixel region (size specified by width and height) and using the mean as the thresholding value. In order to remove residual noise from the background, the threshold may be adjusted by subtracting a constant offset (default zero) from the mean to compute the threshold.
addNoiseImage	NoiseType noiseType_	Add noise to image with specified noise type.
affineTransformImage	const DrawableAffine &affine_	Transform image by specified affine (or free transform) matrix.
annotateImage	const std::string &text_, const Geometry &location_	Annotate with text using specified text, bounding area, placement gravity, and rotation. If boundingArea_ is invalid, then bounding area is entire image.
std::string text_, const Geometry &boundingArea_, GravityType gravity_	Annotate using specified text, bounding area, and placement gravity. If boundingArea_ is invalid, then bounding area is entire image.
const std::string &text_, const Geometry &boundingArea_, GravityType gravity_, double degrees_,	Annotate with text using specified text, bounding area, placement gravity, and rotation. If boundingArea_ is invalid, then bounding area is entire image.
const std::string &text_, GravityType gravity_	Annotate with text (bounding area is entire image) and placement gravity.
blurImage	const double radius_ = 1, const double sigma_ = 0.5	Blur image. The radius_ parameter specifies the radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center pixel. The sigma_ parameter specifies the standard deviation of the Laplacian, in pixels.
borderImage	const Geometry &geometry_ = "6x6+0+0"	Border image (add border to image). The color of the border is specified by the borderColor attribute.
charcoalImage	const double radius_ = 1, const double sigma_ = 0.5	Charcoal effect image (looks like charcoal sketch). The radius_ parameter specifies the radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center pixel. The sigma_ parameter specifies the standard deviation of the Laplacian, in pixels.
chopImage	const Geometry &geometry_	Chop image (remove vertical or horizontal subregion of image)
colorizeImage	const unsigned int opacityRed_, const unsigned int opacityGreen_, const unsigned int opacityBlue_, const Color &penColor_	Colorize image with pen color, using specified percent opacity for red, green, and blue quantums.
const unsigned int opacity_, const Color &penColor_	Colorize image with pen color, using specified percent opacity.
commentImage	const std::string &comment_	Comment image (add comment string to image). By default, each image is commented with its file name. Use this method to assign a specific comment to the image. Optionally you can include the image filename, type, width, height, or other image attributes by embedding special format characters.
compositeImage	const Image &compositeImage_, int xOffset_, int yOffset_, CompositeOperator compose_ = InCompositeOp	Compose an image onto another at specified offset and using specified algorithm
const Image &compositeImage_, const Geometry &offset_, CompositeOperator compose_ = InCompositeOp
condenseImage	void	Condense image (Re-run-length encode image in memory).
contrastImage	unsigned int sharpen_	Contrast image (enhance intensity differences in image)
cropImage	const Geometry &geometry_	Crop image (subregion of original image)
cycleColormap- Image	int amount_	Cycle image colormap
despeckleImage	void	Despeckle image (reduce speckle noise)
drawImage	const Drawable &drawable_	Draw shape or text on image.
const std::list<Drawable > &drawable_	Draw shapes or text on image using a set of Drawable objects contained in an STL list. Use of this method improves drawing performance and allows batching draw objects together in a list for repeated use.
edgeImage	unsigned int radius_ = 0.0	Edge image (hilight edges in image). The radius is the radius of the pixel neighborhood.. Specify a radius of zero for automatic radius selection.
embossImage	const double radius_ = 1, const double sigma_ = 0.5	Emboss image (hilight edges with 3D effect). The radius_ parameter specifies the radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center pixel. The sigma_ parameter specifies the standard deviation of the Laplacian, in pixels.
enhanceImage	void	Enhance image (minimize noise)
equalizeImage	void	Equalize image (histogram equalization)
flipImage	void	Flip image (reflect each scanline in the vertical direction)
floodFill- ColorImage	unsigned int x_, unsigned int y_, const Color &fillColor_	Flood-fill color across pixels that match the color of the target pixel and are neighbors of the target pixel. Uses current fuzz setting when determining color match.
const Geometry &point_, const Color &fillColor_
unsigned int x_, unsigned int y_, const Color &fillColor_, const Color &borderColor_	Flood-fill color across pixels starting at target-pixel and stopping at pixels matching specified border color. Uses current fuzz setting when determining color match.
const Geometry &point_, const Color &fillColor_, const Color &borderColor_
floodFill- TextureImage	unsigned int x_, unsigned int y_, const Image &texture_	Flood-fill texture across pixels that match the color of the target pixel and are neighbors of the target pixel. Uses current fuzz setting when determining color match.
const Geometry &point_, const Image &texture_
unsigned int x_, unsigned int y_, const Image &texture_, const Color &borderColor_	Flood-fill texture across pixels starting at target-pixel and stopping at pixels matching specified border color. Uses current fuzz setting when determining color match.
const Geometry &point_, const Image &texture_, const Color &borderColor_
flopImage	void	Flop image (reflect each scanline in the horizontal direction)
frameImage	const Geometry &geometry_ = "25x25+6+6"	Add decorative frame around image
unsigned int width_, unsigned int height_, int x_, int y_, int innerBevel_ = 0, int outerBevel_ = 0
gammaImage	double gamma_	Gamma correct image (uniform red, green, and blue correction).
double gammaRed_, double gammaGreen_, double gammaBlue_	Gamma correct red, green, and blue channels of image.
gaussianBlurImage	double width_, double sigma_	Gaussian blur image. The number of neighbor pixels to be included in the convolution mask is specified by 'width_'. For example, a width of one gives a (standard) 3x3 convolution mask. The standard deviation of the gaussian bell curve is specified by 'sigma_'.
implodeImage	double factor_	Implode image (special effect)
labelImage	const string &label_	Assign a label to an image. Use this option to assign a specific label to the image. Optionally you can include the image filename, type, width, height, or scene number in the label by embedding special format characters. If the first character of string is @, the image label is read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string. When converting to Postscript, use this option to specify a header string to print above the image.
levelImage	const double black_point, const double white_point, const double mid_point=1.0	Level image. Adjust the levels of the image by scaling the colors falling between specified white and black points to the full available quantum range. The parameters provided represent the black, mid (gamma), and white points. The black point specifies the darkest color in the image. Colors darker than the black point are set to zero. Mid point (gamma) specifies a gamma correction to apply to the image. White point specifies the lightest color in the image. Colors brighter than the white point are set to the maximum quantum value. The black and white point have the valid range 0 to MaxRGB while mid (gamma) has a useful range of 0 to ten.
levelChannelImage	const Magick::ChannelType channel, const double black_point, const double white_point, const double mid_point=1.0	Level image channel. Adjust the levels of the image channel by scaling the values falling between specified white and black points to the full available quantum range. The parameters provided represent the black, mid (gamma), and white points. The black point specifies the darkest color in the image. Colors darker than the black point are set to zero. Mid point (gamma) specifies a gamma correction to apply to the image. White point specifies the lightest color in the image. Colors brighter than the white point are set to the maximum quantum value. The black and white point have the valid range 0 to MaxRGB while mid (gamma) has a useful range of 0 to ten.
layerImage	ChannelType layer_	Extract layer from image. Use this option to extract a particular layer from the image. MatteLayer, for example, is useful for extracting the opacity values from an image.
magnifyImage	void	Magnify image by integral size
mapImage	const Image &mapImage_ , bool dither_ = false	Remap image colors with closest color from reference image. Set dither_ to true in to apply Floyd/Steinberg error diffusion to the image. By default, color reduction chooses an optimal set of colors that best represent the original image. Alternatively, you can choose a particular set of colors from an image file with this option.
matteFloodfill- Image	const Color &target_, unsigned int matte_, int x_, int y_, PaintMethod method_	Floodfill designated area with a matte value
medianFilterImage	const double radius_ = 0.0	Filter image by replacing each pixel component with the median color in a circular neighborhood
minifyImage	void	Reduce image by integral size
modulateImage	double brightness_, double saturation_, double hue_	Modulate percent hue, saturation, and brightness of an image. Modulation of saturation and brightness is as a ratio of the current value (1.0 for no change). Modulation of hue is an absolute rotation of -180 degrees to +180 degrees from the current position corresponding to an argument range of 0 to 2.0 (1.0 for no change).
negateImage	bool grayscale_ = false	Negate colors in image. Replace every pixel with its complementary color (white becomes black, yellow becomes blue, etc.). Set grayscale to only negate grayscale values in image.
normalizeImage	void	Normalize image (increase contrast by normalizing the pixel values to span the full range of color values).
oilPaintImage	unsigned int radius_ = 3	Oilpaint image (image looks like oil painting)
opacityImage	unsigned int opacity_	Set or attenuate the opacity channel in the image. If the image pixels are opaque then they are set to the specified opacity value, otherwise they are blended with the supplied opacity value. The value of opacity_ ranges from 0 (completely opaque) to MaxRGB. The defines OpaqueOpacity and TransparentOpacity are available to specify completely opaque or completely transparent, respectively.
opaqueImage	const Color &opaqueColor_, const Color &penColor_	Change color of pixels matching opaqueColor_ to specified penColor_.
quantizeImage	bool measureError_ = false	Quantize image (reduce number of colors). Set measureError_ to true in order to calculate error attributes.
raiseImage	const Geometry &geometry_ = "6x6+0+0", bool raisedFlag_ = false	Raise image (lighten or darken the edges of an image to give a 3-D raised or lowered effect)
reduceNoise- Image	void	Reduce noise in image using a noise peak elimination filter.
unsigned int order_
rollImage	int columns_, int rows_	Roll image (rolls image vertically and horizontally) by specified number of columnms and rows)
rotateImage	double degrees_	Rotate image counter-clockwise by specified number of degrees
sampleImage	const Geometry &geometry_	Resize image by using pixel sampling algorithm
scaleImage	const Geometry &geometry_	Resize image by using simple ratio algorithm
segmentImage	double clusterThreshold_ = 1.0, double smoothingThreshold_ = 1.5	Segment (coalesce similar image components) by analyzing the histograms of the color components and identifying units that are homogeneous with the fuzzy c-means technique. Also uses quantizeColorSpace and verbose image attributes. Specify clusterThreshold_ , as the number of pixels each cluster must exceed the cluster threshold to be considered valid. SmoothingThreshold_ eliminates noise in the second derivative of the histogram. As the value is increased, you can expect a smoother second derivative. The default is 1.5.
shadeImage	double azimuth_ = 30, double elevation_ = 30, bool colorShading_ = false	Shade image using distant light source. Specify azimuth_ and elevation_ as the position of the light source. By default, the shading results as a grayscale image.. Set colorShading_ to true to shade the red, green, and blue components of the image.
sharpenImage	const double radius_ = 1, const double sigma_ = 0.5	Sharpen pixels in image. The radius_ parameter specifies the radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center pixel. The sigma_ parameter specifies the standard deviation of the Laplacian, in pixels.
shaveImage	const Geometry &geometry_	Shave pixels from image edges.
shearImage	double xShearAngle_, double yShearAngle_	Shear image (create parallelogram by sliding image by X or Y axis). Shearing slides one edge of an image along the X or Y axis, creating a parallelogram. An X direction shear slides an edge along the X axis, while a Y direction shear slides an edge along the Y axis. The amount of the shear is controlled by a shear angle. For X direction shears, x degrees is measured relative to the Y axis, and similarly, for Y direction shears y degrees is measured relative to the X axis. Empty triangles left over from shearing the image are filled with the color defined as borderColor.
solarizeImage	double factor_	Solarize image (similar to effect seen when exposing a photographic film to light during the development process)
spreadImage	unsigned int amount_ = 3	Spread pixels randomly within image by specified amount
steganoImage	const Image &watermark_	Add a digital watermark to the image (based on second image)
stereoImage	const Image &rightImage_	Create an image which appears in stereo when viewed with red-blue glasses (Red image on left, blue on right)
swirlImage	double degrees_	Swirl image (image pixels are rotated by degrees)
textureImage	const Image &texture_	Layer a texture on image background
thresholdImage	double threshold_	Threshold image
transformImage	const Geometry &imageGeometry_	Transform image based on image and crop geometries. Crop geometry is optional.
const Geometry &imageGeometry_, const Geometry &cropGeometry_
transparentImage	const Color &color_	Add matte image to image, setting pixels matching color to transparent.
trimImage	void	Trim edges that are the background color from the image.
waveImage	double amplitude_ = 25.0, double wavelength_ = 150.0	Alter an image along a sine wave.
zoomImage	const Geometry &geometry_	Zoom image to specified size.

Function objects are available to set attributes on image frames which are equivalent to methods in the Image object. These function objects allow setting an option across a range of image frames using for_each().

The following code is an example of how the color 'red' may be set to transparent in a GIF animation:

list<image> images;
readImages( &images, "animation.gif" );
for_each ( images.begin(), images.end(), transparentImage( "red" ) );
writeImages( images.begin(), images.end(), "animation.gif" );

The available function objects for setting image attributes are

Image Attributes

Attribute Type Constructor Signature(s) Description

adjoinImage bool bool flag_ Join images into a single multi-image file.

antiAliasImage bool bool flag_ Control antialiasing of rendered Postscript and Postscript or TrueType fonts. Enabled by default.

animation-
DelayImage unsigned int (0 to 65535) unsigned int delay_ Time in 1/100ths of a second (0 to 65535) which must expire before displaying the next image in an animated sequence. This option is useful for regulating the animation of a sequence of GIF images within Netscape.

animation-
IterationsImage unsigned int unsigned int iterations_ Number of iterations to loop an animation (e.g. Netscape loop extension) for.

background-
ColorImage Color const Color &color_ Image background color

background-
TextureImage std::string const string &texture_ Image to use as background texture.

borderColor-
Image Color const Color &color_ Image border color

boxColorImage Color const Color &boxColor_ Base color that annotation text is rendered on.

chroma-
BluePrimaryImage double x & y double x_, double y_ Chromaticity blue primary point (e.g. x=0.15, y=0.06)

chroma-
GreenPrimaryImage double x & y double x_, double y_ Chromaticity green primary point (e.g. x=0.3, y=0.6)

chroma-
RedPrimaryImage double x & y double x_, double y_ Chromaticity red primary point (e.g. x=0.64, y=0.33)

chroma-
WhitePointImage double x & y double x_, double y_ Chromaticity white point (e.g. x=0.3127, y=0.329)

colorFuzzImage double double fuzz_ Colors within this distance are considered equal. A number of algorithms search for a target color. By default the color must be exact. Use this option to match colors that are close to the target color in RGB space.

colorMapImage Color unsigned int index_, const Color &color_ Color at color-pallet index.

colorSpaceImage ColorspaceType ColorspaceType colorSpace_ The colorspace (e.g. CMYK) used to represent the image pixel colors. Image pixels are always stored as RGB(A) except for the case of CMY(K).

composeImage CompositeOperator CompositeOperator compose_ Composition operator to be used when composition is implicitly used (such as for image flattening).

compressType-
Image <

Attribute	Type	Constructor Signature(s)	Description
adjoinImage	bool	bool flag_	Join images into a single multi-image file.
antiAliasImage	bool	bool flag_	Control antialiasing of rendered Postscript and Postscript or TrueType fonts. Enabled by default.
animation- DelayImage	unsigned int (0 to 65535)	unsigned int delay_	Time in 1/100ths of a second (0 to 65535) which must expire before displaying the next image in an animated sequence. This option is useful for regulating the animation of a sequence of GIF images within Netscape.
animation- IterationsImage	unsigned int	unsigned int iterations_	Number of iterations to loop an animation (e.g. Netscape loop extension) for.
background- ColorImage	Color	const Color &color_	Image background color
background- TextureImage	std::string	const string &texture_	Image to use as background texture.
borderColor- Image	Color	const Color &color_	Image border color
boxColorImage	Color	const Color &boxColor_	Base color that annotation text is rendered on.
chroma- BluePrimaryImage	double x & y	double x_, double y_	Chromaticity blue primary point (e.g. x=0.15, y=0.06)
chroma- GreenPrimaryImage	double x & y	double x_, double y_	Chromaticity green primary point (e.g. x=0.3, y=0.6)
chroma- RedPrimaryImage	double x & y	double x_, double y_	Chromaticity red primary point (e.g. x=0.64, y=0.33)
chroma- WhitePointImage	double x & y	double x_, double y_	Chromaticity white point (e.g. x=0.3127, y=0.329)
colorFuzzImage	double	double fuzz_	Colors within this distance are considered equal. A number of algorithms search for a target color. By default the color must be exact. Use this option to match colors that are close to the target color in RGB space.
colorMapImage	Color	unsigned int index_, const Color &color_	Color at color-pallet index.
colorSpaceImage	ColorspaceType	ColorspaceType colorSpace_	The colorspace (e.g. CMYK) used to represent the image pixel colors. Image pixels are always stored as RGB(A) except for the case of CMY(K).
composeImage	CompositeOperator	CompositeOperator compose_	Composition operator to be used when composition is implicitly used (such as for image flattening).
compressType- Image	<